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Traumatic brain injury (Categories of traumatic brain injury (Skull…
Traumatic brain injury
Types of brain injuries
Blunt trauma
Hitting the head hard enough to injure the brain without touching the brain directly.
Penetrating trauma
From impaled objects or gunshot wounds. Something that enters the skull and injures the brain tissue directly.
Categories of traumatic brain injury
Skull fractures
Linear fracture
A break in the skull which resembles a line or crack.
Depressed skull fracture
Break in or crushing of part of the skull.
Basilar skull fracture
Occurs at base of the brain which can cause cerebral spinal fluid leakage.
Coup-contrecoup
Refers to cerebral contusion and traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Diffuse axonal injury
Caused from violent stopping or rotational forces which results in tearing and twisting of the connections between the cells in the brain.
Intracranial haematomas
A rupture of a blood vessel leading to the collection of blood an empty space or in brain tissues.
Traumatic brain injury definition
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a physical injury to brain tissue that causes impairs to the function of the brain, either temporarily or permanently (Frey & Zurek, 2019)
Complications of traumatic brain injury
Immediate complications include:
Seizures, leaks of cerebrospinal fluid, infection, pain, bedsores, coma, failure of multiple organ systems, trauma to other areas of your body, enlargement of fluid filled chambers in the brain.
Long term survivors may suffer from ongoing problems with thinking and behaviour and communication disabilities, as well as epilepsy; loss of sensation, hearing, taste, vision, or smell; tinnitus; paralysis.
Reference. Frey, R. J., & Zurek, B. S. (2019). Traumatic Brain Injury. In B. Narins (Ed.), The Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Health (4th ed., Vol. 4, pp. 1701-1710). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale.