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NETWORK TOPOLOGY (RING TOPOLOGY
It is called ring topology because it…
NETWORK TOPOLOGY
RING TOPOLOGY
It is called ring topology because it forms a ring as each computer is connected to another
computer, with the last one connected to the first. Exactly two neighbours for each device.
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- A number of repeaters are used for Ring topology with large number of nodes, because
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nodes, then the data will have to pass through 99 nodes to reach the 100th node.
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- The transmission is unidirectional, but it can be made bidirectional by having 2
connections between each Network Node, it is called Dual Ring Topology.
- In Dual Ring Topology, two ring networks are formed, and data flow is in opposite
direction in them. Also, if one ring fails, the second ring can act as a backup, to keep the
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- Data is transferred in a sequential manner that is bit by bit. Data transmitted, has to
pass through each node of the network, till the destination node.
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- Transmitting network is not affected by high traffic or by adding more nodes, as only the
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- Cheap to install and expand
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- Troubleshooting is difficult in ring topology.
- Adding or deleting the computers disturbs the network activity.
- Failure of one computer disturbs the whole network.
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BUS TOPOLOGY
Bus topology is a network type in which every computer and network device is connected to
single cable. When it has exactly two endpoints, then it is called Linear Bus topology.
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- It transmits data only in one direction.
- Every device is connected to a single cable
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- Cable required is least compared to other network topology.
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- It is easy to understand.
- Easy to expand joining two cables together.
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- Cables fails then whole network fails.
- If network traffic is heavy or nodes are more the performance of the network decreases.
- Cable has a limited length.
- It is slower than the ring topology.
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STAR TOPOLOGY
In this type of topology all the computers are connected to a single hub through a cable.
This hub is the central node and all others nodes are connected to the central node.
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- Every node has its own dedicated connection to the hub.
- Hub acts as a repeater for data flow.
- Can be used with twisted pair, Optical Fibre or coaxial cable.
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- Fast performance with few nodes and low network traffic.
- Hub can be upgraded easily.
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- Easy to setup and modify.
- Only that node is affected which has failed, rest of the nodes can work smoothly.
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- Cost of installation is high.
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- If the hub fails then the whole network is stopped because all the nodes depend on the
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- Performance is based on the hub that is it depends on its capacity
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MESH TOPOLOGY
- ROUTING
2.FLOODING
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- Partial Mesh Topology : In this topology some of the systems are connected in the
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- Full Mesh Topology : Each and every nodes or devices are connected to each other.
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- Each connection can carry its own data load.
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- Fault is diagnosed easily.
- Provides security and privacy.
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- Installation and configuration is difficult.
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HYBRID T0POLOGY
It is two different types of topologies which is a mixture of two or more topologies.
Ring topology and star topology
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- It is a combination of two or topologies
- Inherits the advantages and disadvantages of the topologies included
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- Reliable as Error detecting and trouble shooting is easy.
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- Scalable as size can be increased easily.
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TREE TOPOLOGY
It has a root node and all other nodes are connected to it forming a hierarchy. It is also
called hierarchical topology. It should at least have three levels to the hierarchy.
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- Ideal if workstations are located in groups.
- Used in Wide Area Network.
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- Extension of bus and star topologies.
- Expansion of nodes is possible and easy.
- Easily managed and maintained.
- Error detection is easily done.
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- If more nodes are added maintenance is difficult.
- Central hub fails, network fails.
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