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Theories of Management (Classical theories (Frederick Taylor (Criticisms…

- - - - in the modern day, border aren't that well defined
- - - - Gave jobs to best suited rather than nepotistic practices
      - Hirees went into training after hiring process
    - - Ignores psychological needs of workers
      - Assumes money is the only motivator
      - Adopts simplistic view of productivity
      - Ignores the importance of formal and informal work groups
        
        Peer Pressure
      - Anti Union
    - - Assembly lines
      - Work study
      - Personnel
      - Maintenance of technology
  - - - Traditional authority
      - Charismatic Authority
      - Rational / Legal Authority
        
        Ideal organizations would work as bureaucracies
        
        Administrative structures based on expertise and discipline
        
        Characterised by
        
        Specialisation
        
        Hierarchy of Authority
        
        System of rules
        
        Impersonality
        
        Criticism
        
        Limits initiative and innovation
        
        Can reduce effectiveness
- - - - Focused on individual and their social relationships at work
      - Controlled experiments found that worker output increased when management considered employees social relationships
      - Emphasized the importance of the creation of social groups in the workforce leading to productivity
      - Productivity can be boosted by group affiliation rather than monetary rewards
      - Modern Human Resources practices based on the Hawthorne Studies
- - - - Inputs
      - Conversion
      - Output
- - - - Classical theories
        
        suitable for stable environments
        
        Integration works best
    - - Closer to HR theories
        
        Suitable for volatile environments
        
        Bureaucracies in contrast are slow to react to volatile environments
        
        Differentiation and integration works best