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THERMAL PROPERTRY OF MATTER (CALOCEMETRY (HEAT (MECHANICAL EQUVILANT OF…

- - - - the temprature tells us apoute the vibrotinal energy of a particle
      - same temprature mean the same vibrational energy
      - the temp of only particles of bulk can be defined
      - as a matter there is no temprature of the vacume as their are no particle whose energy can be mesured
      - the thermal equlibrium means that the object are on a same temprature as long as there is a temp diffrence the heat will travel
      - in space for diffrent objects the themprature of surronding is the same means there would be a constant temprature t at which they would stop the time taken may be very diffrent.
      - THERMOMETRY
        
        to mesure the temp the boiling and melting point of the water were taken as refrence
        
        diffrent scientest took them diffrently
        
        but the reding of x was similar so this is the way by which we equare the formula :question:
      - for temp of same is that at which the object stop gaing temp as all the object will gain that temp byt in diffrent times
  - - - HEAT CALCULATIO/LAW OF MIXING
        
        LATENT HEAT OF FUSION
        
        this happens when temprature is consteant and the given energy is used for changing the phase this is diff for diff bodyes by the strecture how much vibration can it hold
        
        formula :question:
        
        LATENT HEAT OF VABORISION
        
        what is the diffrence in evaporation and vaproation with the particle jumpind explation
        
        formula :question:
        
        latent heat are pressure dependent and specific heat may too be
        
        SPECIFIC HEAT OF BODYES
        
        every body absorbe diffrent amount of heat to rais its tem
        
        formula of temp change :question:
        
        problems with varing specfic heat
        
        PROBLEMS BASE OF THE WORK AND POTENTAL , KINITIC , SPRING , WAVE AND ETC ENERGY IN HEAT TO RISE TEMPRATURE
        
        PROBLEM BASE ON POWER AND HEAT
        
        ICE WATER STEM PROBLEMS
        
        GRAPH OF HEAT GIVE AND TEMP RISE AND PROBLEMS ON THEM
        
        FORMULA FOR LAW OF MIXING AND PROBLEMS BASE ON IT
        :question:
        
        1 more item...
        
        WATER EQUIVALENT
        
        water boils in container and it also requires energy to heat up first
        
        formula :question:
        
        the law of mixing say that the total heat lost is the total heat gained. explain absolute heat and energyes
      - in older times it was though the heat and work energy were diffrent
      - by later experements it was found to be the same .EXPLAIN THEM :tada:
      - 1 CALORIE,KCal,cal,Cal
- - - - TRANSMISSION
        
        TRANSMETIVE POWER t
        
        the wave is absorbed transfered from atom to atom and emmited at the other end
      - REFLECTION
        
        REFLECTIVE POWER r
        
        the atom absorbse and refrects it on the same side
      - ABSORTION
        
        ABSORTIVE POWER a
        
        the natural frequency of the matter
      - these powers are diffrent for diffrent wavelength of light
      - emmisive power the enery radiated due to the internal temprature if form of wave not nesserly of the wave lenght absorbed by it but is form of the wenn displacement curve law.divided by the exposed area and unit time.it is indipedent of a.
      - emmitivity it emmisive power by the emmisive power of a black body that is identical in gemoterry
      - SPECTRAL EMMISIVE POWER AND GRAPH
        
        WEINS DISPLACEMENT LAW
        
        formula :question:
        
        change in the graph with temprature
    - - all the bodyes above 0 kelvin emmite radition because of the movement of the particles
      - if the temprature of a body is constant the the heat emmited by radition is equal to heat absorbed by radition
      - if the body is lossing temprature then the heat emmited by radition is more than the heat absored
      - if a body is gaining temprature then the heat absorbed by radition is more than emmited by radition
      - KRICHOFF LAW OF RADITION
        
        GOOD EMMITERS ARE ALSO GOOD ABSORBERS FOR A PARTICULAR WAVELENGTH OF LIGHT
        AT A PARTICUAR TEMPREATURE
        
        MATHMATICAL FORMULA :question:
        
        STEFANS LAW
        
        rate of absortion
        
        rate of emmision
        
        net heat loss of gain rate
        
        rate of colling diffrent from rate of heat loss due to radition
        
        NEWTON LAW OF COLLING /HEAT LOSS
        
        can work only for temprature varition of system and surrounding is 30 .
        
        dirivation from stefans law using bimomeal aporoxmation of the temprature in kelvin
        
        formula for heat loss :!!:
        
        formulat for cooling in diffrencial ,integran,ln,and e to power form : :question:
        
        the consteant k
        
        APPORIXMATION OF NEWTON LAW OF COOLING
        
        used to get rid of the ln term
        
        used when change in temprature of the object is only in diff of max 5
        
        formula and dirivation :question:
        
        if a body is at thermal equlibrium then the radition absorbed must be equal to the radition emmited
    - - it is a body that absorbes as well as emmit all the frequency of light.
      - feryes black body
  - - - FORMULA WITH DERIVATION FOR HEAT CURRENT :question:
        
        THERMAL RESISTANC
        
        ALL RESISTANCE PROBLEMS ANOMELY
        
        ALL THE SERESE PARALLEL AND TEQNECES OF SOLVING THE RESESTAN AND VOLTAGE AND CURRENT LAWS ARE APPLICABLE HERE
        
        PROBLEMS ON TEMP O F RAD AT APOINT AND HEAT TRANSFERD ICE MELTED
    - - INSTANTAUS HEAT CURRENT
  - - - GRAVITIONLA
      - FORCED CONVECTION