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Physiology W1 (Reflexes (Postural reflexes (Crawling, (Baby is prone on a…

- - - - Baby is prone on a surface and you stroke their feet
      - Causes crawling to occur, stimulating movement of hands and feet
      - Birth to 3-4 months
      - Precursor to lateral voluntary crawling
    - - Stimulate palm and fingers grasp
      - Voluntary reaching
      - 5 month fetus to 4 month baby
      - Handedness influence
    - - Infant is upright and feet on floor
      - Flexion and extension of the feet occur
      - Birth to 5-6 months
      - Essential before child can walk
    - - Holding baby upright and tilting in one direction = head tilts in other direction
      - 2-3/12 to one year
      - Relates to upright posture
      - Also a primitive reflex
  - - - Baby is prone to one side and as you flex one limb the opposite side should extend
      - Est. bilateral body awareness + hand-eye coordination
    - - Baby is sitting up and you tilt them forward
        
        Head and arms flex
        
        Legs extend
      - Persistance = spinal flexion deformities and stop other reflexes estb.
  - - - Eyes close
      - Mouth opens
      - neck flex and head tilts foraws
  - - - Turn the head to one side and the body should follow
      - Turn the body to one side from supine and the head should follow
      - Related to voluntary rolling
  - - - Role in protection, nutrition and survival
      - End by 6 months
    - - Relate to the development of lateral voluntary movement
      - Are integrated, modified and incorporated into more complex patterns to form voluntary movements
- - - - Large overweight babies that can't regulate glucose
- - - - the Right pulmonary artery connects to the descending aorta, bypassing the pulmonary circulation bc blood is already oxygenated
      - Blood already oxygenated by the placenta
    - - Bypass the liver
      - oxygenated blood drains directly into the IVC
    - - Occurs at birth
  - - - Role of the placenta
    - - Normal growth
      - Structurally developed
        
        Small blood gas barrier
        
        Highly compliant
      - Type 1 and Type 2 alveoli cells
        
        Surfactant
        
        Gas exchange
      - Large vascular network
      - Unsuccessful = premature birth morbidity and mortality
  - - - But need to estb. connections
- - - - Think about why women don't say they are pregnant until they reach the eight month mark
        
        Alcohol, drugs
        
        Viruses, infections and radiation
        
        Nutritional deficiencies
  - - - Face and genitals form but can't determine sex
      - Erythropioesis swaps from the liver to the spleen
    - - Muscles and bones form
      - Eyes from lateral to anterior positioning
    - - Mother experiences quickening
      - LL size = proportional to the rest of body
    - - Significant weight gain
      - Surfactant secreted by the lungs
      - Hear fetal heartbeat through stethescope
    - - Rapid brain development
      - Nerves develop enough to control some body functions e.g. some reflexes
      - Lungs (in immature respiratory system) can complete gas exchange
    - - bones are developed but soft
      - Erythropoeisis occurs in bone marrow
      - Increased fat percentage