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Elements, Compounds, and Experimental Techniques.(C#2) (Methods of…
Elements, Compounds, and Experimental Techniques.(C#2)
Measurement
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Volume: burettes, pipettes, and measuring cylinders used for measuring volume of liquids.
Ways to know Purity
Chromotography: used with pigmented chemicals. Special paper. spot of ink. Put paper in a solvent. Ink moves up the chromo paper. sepeates into many pigents. piece of paper called a Chromotogram
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Importance of Purity: drugs need to be put to ensure that no one using them is harmed. It is illegal to put any harmful substance inside food
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Methods of Purification
Filtration: liquid with solid seperated using filter paper. Tiny pores in the filter paper to let only liquid through. e.g water and sand (sand is called residue)
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Centrifuging: like filtration but solid particles are very small. Remain in suspension. Spun around air til solid particles have settled.
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Distilllation: water from salt water obtained by heating and then condensing using a Liebig condenser.
Fractional Distillation: liquids need to have different boiling points. Heated up to evaporation. each evaporate at a different time. then condenses again and is seperated.