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Cane toads, Cane toads (Biotic factors affecting spread (water during wet…
Cane toads
Cane toads
Biotic factors affecting spread
water during wet seasons assist in
gas exchange
hydration
reproduction
introduced range
few natural predators
few competitors
few diseases
toxicity
large poison glands
which kill a lot of native animals
when trying to eat them
can spread easily and rapidly
Ecototherm advantage
allows them to put more resources / energy for
growth and reproduction
Reproduction
females lay up to 30,000 eggs
each egg can hatch in 2-3 days
Abiotic factors affecting spread
only travel during the wet season
locations that affect cane toad
flat landscapes
low grass
roads
river/lake systems
favourable environmental conditions
temperature
12 - 35 degrees
food
moisture
Grasslands
Abiotic Factors
lakes
rock formations
rainfall
receive about 25 - 50cm of rain per year
valleys
climate
dry
cold winters
constant winds
Biotic factors
bird species
Harriers
Sparrows
Hawks
Melodic songbirds
mammals
Crocodile
kanagroos
Zebras
plants
Big bluestem grass
Fleabane
Milkweed
Purple cornflower
Insects
Arrow-shaped micrathena spider
Velvet ants
Red admiral
impacts of the cane toads
Selection pressures
Red-bellied black snakes
selection pressure
one trait is better
small head can't eat cane toad
survive to reproduce
offspring have small head
large head can eat cane toads
dies
northern quoll
selection pressure
possible gene to prevent them from wanting to eating toad
offspring have "toad adverse" gene
Queensland quolls have gene
northern territory quoll doesn't have gene
Kakadu National Park
Ecological niche
diet
pet food
carrion
household scraps
insects
beetles
honey bees
ants
termites
marine snails
small snakes
small mammals
distribution in
clearings in urban areas
grasslands
woodland
