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Haemorrhoids are dilated portions of veins in the anal canal…
Haemorrhoids
are dilated portions of veins in the anal canal
Pathophysiology
Anal & rectal sensation - is reduced with hemorrhoids
Prolapse of vascular cushion - constipation ,prolonged straining & endocrine reasons
Anal sphincter tone,basal anal pressure is higher
Defecation - more than 10-15 min sitting for defecation
Venous obstruction,failure to empty rapidly
sign & symptoms
Bleeding
Pain & discomfort
Prolapse & lump
Discharge & pruritus
Clinical manefestation
physical examination
Proctoscopy
Flexible sigmoidoscopy
Evaluation under anesthesia in acute pain
Anal manometry
Care plan
Monitor medication that may predispose patient to constipation
Assess patient for complaints of headaches,sore throat & muscle ache.
Monitor diet & fluid in take 2L of water daily. Assess for rectal bleeding.
Assess the presence of hemorrhoids, administer topical & stool softeners medication as ordered.
Provide warm baths or heating pads to aching muscles