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Oesophageal varices Screenshot_20190810_195949 (CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS,…
Oesophageal varices
DEFINITION
Abnormal enlarged veins on the oesophagus.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
Vomiting large amounts of blood.
Black, bloody stools.
Lightheadedness.
Loss of consciousness.
Jaundice.
Ascites.
Easy bleeding and bruising.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Due to clot or scar tissue on liver.
To go around blockage blood flows.
Normal blood flow is blocked.
Into non-suitable smaller vessels.
These vessels can rupture or leak blood.
Causeing life-threatening diseases.
CAUSES
Thrombosis.
Severe liver scaring.
Paracitic infection.
RISK FACTORS
High portal vein pressure.
Large varicles.
Continued alcohol use.
Liver failure.
Severe cirrhosis.
HEALTH EDUCATION
Avoid alcohol consumption.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Use chemicals sparingly and carefully.
Reduce risk of hepatitis.
Eg sharing of neddles
Unprotected sex.
DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
endoscopic exam.
capsule endoscopy.
imaging test
NURSING INTERVENTION
Allay enxiety and stress
give prescribed medication
infection prevention
using elastic bands to tie off ends
restoring blood volume and fluids.
monitoring of vital signs.
