hiatal hernia

defination

a condition in which part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm muscle

clinical manifestations

regurgitation of foods and liquid or the mouth

nursing care plan

pathophysiology

diagnostic procedures

x-ray of upper digestive system

upper endoscopy

esophageal manometry

acid reflux

difficult swallowing

chest or abdominal pain

vomiting of blood or passing black stools

shortness of breath

treatment

putting stomach back in place and making hiatus smaller

antacids

H2-receptor blockers

avoid spicy foods, chocolate, onions citrus fruit and alcohol

resistance to gastric outflow raises intragastric pressure and leads to reflux and vomiting

lower intrathoracic pressure facilitate gastroesophageal reflux

hiatal hernia displace the lower esophageal sphincter into the thoracic cavity

ingest daily nutritional requirements in accordance to his activity level and metabolic needs

give antacid to decrease acid release in the stomach

achieve and maintain patent airway

decrease anxiety level to none or mild

experience absence of bleeding