hiatal hernia
defination
a condition in which part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm muscle
clinical manifestations
regurgitation of foods and liquid or the mouth
nursing care plan
pathophysiology
diagnostic procedures
x-ray of upper digestive system
upper endoscopy
esophageal manometry
acid reflux
difficult swallowing
chest or abdominal pain
vomiting of blood or passing black stools
shortness of breath
treatment
putting stomach back in place and making hiatus smaller
antacids
H2-receptor blockers
avoid spicy foods, chocolate, onions citrus fruit and alcohol
resistance to gastric outflow raises intragastric pressure and leads to reflux and vomiting
lower intrathoracic pressure facilitate gastroesophageal reflux
hiatal hernia displace the lower esophageal sphincter into the thoracic cavity
ingest daily nutritional requirements in accordance to his activity level and metabolic needs
give antacid to decrease acid release in the stomach
achieve and maintain patent airway
decrease anxiety level to none or mild
experience absence of bleeding