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EXAMINATION AND DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES OF FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM…
EXAMINATION AND DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES OF FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
General Examination
• Head to toe
• Conjunctiva and tongue for pallor in case of anaemia
• Thyroid gland for hyper/hypothyroidism
• The breast
• Skin for cyanosis and septicaemia
• Lower extremities for oedema indicative of poor circulation
Vital Signs
• Palpation of the pulse
• Palpation of the pulse
• Blood pressure to exclude cardiac problems
• Weight to monitor fluid retention due to hormonal imbalances
• Temperature to exclude pyrexia indicative of infection
• Urinalysis to exclude proteins and sugar also common in other infections
Examination Of The Abdomen And Pelvis Including the vagina
• Observe abdomen and assess the vulva and vagina, inner thighs and perineum
• Observe for inflammation and excoriation in inner aspect of thighs
• Note rash and pigmentation usually due to irritation from vaginal discharge
• Note size and shape of abdomen
• Inspect for colour, presence of warts, hair, ulcerations, swelling and pigment lesions
• Inspect inside of the vagina for vaginal discharge
• Trauma to the anterior vaginal wall indicative of cystocele
• Weakness of the posterior wall indicative of rectocele
• Inspect for uterine prolapse
Palpation
• Patient positioned comfortably on her back
• Ensure your hands are warm
• Use the palm rather than the tips of fingers
• Ask the patient to take a deep breath to ensure relaxation
• If a mass is discovered, note position, size, shape, mobilithyy and consistency bare in mind the possibility of pregnancy
• Palpate for any free fluid in the peritoneum
Vaginal Examination
Indication
To palpate and detect vaginal and cervical ulcerations, tears,polyps,cysts, and tumours
Procedure
• Usually done with a gloved and lubricated forefinger and middle finger
• Patient assumes a dorsal lithotomy position with the legs on stirrups
• Patient can be on dorsal position with knees bend and feet apart
• Two fingers are introduced into the vagina in a backward and upward direction
• The opening of the cervix must be reached while palpating the inside of the vagina
Percussion
Indications
• Identification of fluids or masses in pelvic cavity
• Locate pain
Procedure
Tapping lightly on the abdomen and listening to sound produced