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FUNGAL INFECTIONS-RING WORM (Risk Factors (Live in a warm climate, Have…
FUNGAL INFECTIONS-RING WORM
Definition
Ringworm
Ringworm, also called tinea corporis, is not a worm, but a fungal infection of the skin. It can appear anywhere on the body and it looks like a circular, red, flat sore. It is often accompanied by scaly skin.
Diagnosis
Physical Examination
Laboratory Tests
Health Education
Educate yourself and others.
Be aware of the risk of ringworm from infected people or pets. Tell your children about ringworm, what to watch for and how to avoid the infection.
Keep clean.
Wash your hands often to avoid the spread of infection. Keep common or shared areas clean, especially in schools, child care centers, gyms and locker rooms.
Stay cool and dry.
Don't wear thick clothing for long periods of time in warm, humid weather. Avoid excessive sweating.
Avoid infected animals.
The infection often looks like a patch of skin where fur is missing. In some cases, though, you may not notice any signs of the disease. Ask your veterinarian to check your pets and domesticated animals for ringworm.
Causes
Human to human.
Ringworm often spreads by direct, skin-to-skin contact with an infected person.
Animal to human.
You can contract ringworm by touching an animal with ringworm. Ringworm can spread while petting or grooming dogs or cats. It's also fairly common in cows.
Object to human
. Ringworm can spread by contact with objects or surfaces that an infected person or animal has recently touched or rubbed against, such as clothing, towels, bedding and linens, combs, and brushes.
Soil to human.
In rare cases, ringworm can be spread to humans by contact with infected soil. Infection would most likely occur only from prolonged contact with highly infected soil.
Symptoms
Ringworm appears as a red, circular, flat sore that is sometimes accompanied by scaly skin
There may be more than one patch of ringworm on the skin, and patches or red rings of rash may overlap.
It is possible to have ringworm without having the common red ring of rash.
Medical Mangement
Lamisil Twice Daily
Micatin, Monistat-Derm Twice Daily
Lotrimin, Mycelex Twice Daily
Risk Factors
Live in a warm climate
Have close contact with an infected person or animal
Share clothing, bedding or towels with someone who has a fungal infection
Participate in sports that feature skin-to-skin contact, such as wrestling
Wear tight or restrictive clothing
Complications
A fungal infection rarely spreads below the surface of the skin to cause serious illness. But people with weak immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, may find it difficult to get rid of the infection
Surgical Management
None
Nursing Management
Discourage the use of OtC medications
Ensure proper hygiene
Nursing Care Plan
Risk Of Infection
Goals and Outcomes
Patient remains free of infection, as evidenced by normal vital signs and absence of signs and symptoms of infection.
Early recognition of infection to allow for prompt treatment
Patient will demonstrate meticulous hand washing technique.
Nursing Assessment
Assess for the presence, existence of, and history of risk factors
Monitor white blood cell (WBC) count
Assess and monitor nutritional status, weight, history of weight loss, and serum albumin.
For pregnant clients, assess the intactness of amniotic membranes.
Nursing Intervention
Maintain or teach asepsis for dressing changes and wound care, peripheral IV and central venous management, and catheter care and handling.
Wash hands and teach patient and SO to wash hands before contact with patients and between procedures with the patient.
Encourage intake of protein-rich and calorie-rich foods.
Encourage fluid intake of 2,000 to 3,000 mL of water per day, unless contraindicated.