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Kinetics (5.2: Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution (Effect of Temperature on…
Kinetics
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5.3: Catalysts
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Catalytic Converters
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The catalytic converter is a honeycomb (large surface area) made of ceramic material coated with platinum and rhodium (catalysts) and as polluting gases pass over this they react to form less harmful products
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Reactions take place on surface of catalyst in 2 steps:
1) Form weak bonds with metals of catalyst (adsorption) which holds the gases so they can react together (on the surface)
2) Products break away from metal atoms (desorption) which frees up room on surface for more reactions to take place
Strength of weak bonds on surface is critical as they must be strong enough for gases to react but weak enough to release products easily
5.1: Collision Theory
Collisions must happen with enough energy to break bonds and must also take place between molecules that are reacting, so orientation is also important. For particles to have enough energy the need to be moving fast so you need plenty of rapidly moving particles in a small volume
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Activation Energy
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Exothermic Reaction
Large activation energy: Takes place extremely slowly at room temp. as very few collisions will have sufficient energy
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