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Chapter 11: Research Methodology (Qualitative Methodology (Purpose (A…
Chapter 11: Research Methodology
Differences
Qualitative
Begins with general concept
Looks though wide lens
Specified set of concepts
Imperative induction
Explanation
Quantitatvie
Begins with framing hypotheses
Looks through narrow lens
Specified set of variables
Analytical induction
Generalisation
Qualitative Methodology
Purpose
A better understanding of complex situation
Their work is often exploratory in nature
They may use their observations to build theory from natural settings
Process
More holistic and emergent
Specific focus, design, measurement instrument & interpretations
Enter the setting with open works, prepared to immerse themselves in the complexity from the data
Data collection
Data collection is dependent on their personal involvement (iv, observation) in the setting
Collect verbal data (iv, comments, documents, field notes) & non-verbal
Data analysis
Use inductive reasoning
Nature of data is more subjective
Reporting findings
Construct interpretive narratives from their data
Use more personal, literary style & participants' own language & perspective
Quantitative Methodology
Purpose
Study a crucial phenomenon
Validate or confirm the relationship btwn variables & findings can be used to make a generalization
Process
Research represents ideas or phenomena in the related literature
Research conducted through structured guidelines
Data collection
Identify variables & collect data that are related to those variables
Develop & standardise methods of collecting data
Conduct validity & reliability analyses for variables
Data collected from a right sample
Data analysis
Use deductive approach (based on hypotheses)
Conclusions are drawn from RH
Statistical procedures are used to analyse data
Objective criteria & interpretations are used to evaluate the results of statistical analyses
Reporting findings
Via graphic techniques, means, medians, correlations & other summarising statistic
Interpretations done based on the data
Triangulation
Data triangulation
Using variety of data sources
Methodological triangulation
Used multiple research method
Theory triangulation
Multiple perspective & theory are used to examine a single set of data
Investigator triangulation
Use several investigator to collect data