Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Seed Plants Without Flowers: "Gymnosperms" (Concepts (Commonly…
Seed Plants Without Flowers: "Gymnosperms"
Concepts
lignophytes
woody plants
spermatophytes
seed plants
pycnoxylic
hard, strong wood
little parenchyma
simple leaves, flattened seeds
gymnosperms
"nakes ovules"
example: pine cones
angiosperms
flowering plants
fruits= mature carpels
carpels
form tube-like structures
manoxylic wood
#
soft, spongy parenchymatous wood
large leaves
radially symmetrical seeds
Commonly Accepted Divisions
#
#
#
#
1) Cycadophyta
2) Coniferophyta
3) Ginkgophyta
4) Gnetophyta
5) Magnoliophyta
Division Progymnospermophyta
Archaeopteridales
abundant wood
secondary phloem
Aneurophytes
vary shrubs to large trees
did not yet have leaves
Evolution of Seeds
intergument
layer surrounding megasporangim
projected upward
micropyle
whole in integument
sperm cells swim to egg
pollen chamber
microspores settled
"holding area"
progymnosperms
now extinct
evolved from trimerophytes
megapyllous leaves
vascular cambium evolutions
Division Pteridospermophyta
#
#
seed ferns
#
any woody plant
seeds on its leaves
cycadophyta
cycadeoidophyta
Division Coniferophyta
#
conifers
long shoots
tiny papery leaves occur
short shoots
in axils
produce long, needles leaves
simple cones
pollen cones
singles, short, unbranched axia
compound cones
shoot w/ axillary buds
cone bracts
leaves on short axis
ovuloferous scale
megaphylls fused together
axillary bud microscopic
proembryo
suspensor pushes these cells
cells elongate
develope into embryo
moderate to gigantic
giant redwoods
Division Cycadophyta
Cycads
short plants
stout trunks
pinnately compound leaves
Division Cycadeoidophyta
Cycadeoids
cone
megaphylls
megasporophylls
all extinct
differ from cycads in
stomatal complexes
leaf trace organization
Division Ginkgophyta
#
Maidenhar Tree
Ginko biloba
wood like conifer
lacks vessels and axial parenchyma
"broad leaves"
like large dicot
Division Gnetophyta
"anthophytes"
two sister clades
3 groups
1)
Gnetum
20 species
2)
Ephedra
40 species
3)
Welwitschia mirabilis
