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Chapter 21: Vascular Plants Without Seeds (The Megaphyll Line of Evolution…
Chapter 21: Vascular Plants Without Seeds
Early Vascular Plants
Zosterophyllophytes
Enations
outgrowths from small to long
zosterophyllophytes
small herbs without secondary growth
Rhyniophytes
equal dichotomous branching
both branches being equal size and vigor
Xylem structure of early vascular plants
protostele
endarch protostele
exarch protostele
xylem with no pith
stele
siphonostele
pith is present in center
The Term "Vascular Cryptograms"
"ferns and fern allies"
Vascular tissue
lack seeds
Reproduction crypto/hidden
The Megaphyll Line of Evolution: Euphyllophytes
Origin of Megaphylls (Euphylls)
leaves from branched systems
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telome theory
leaves evolved by modification of terminal branches
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Equisetophytes
Monilophytes
Trimerophytes
pseudomonopodial branching
overtopping
Ferns
The Microphyll L:ine of Evolution: Lycophytes
Heterospory
strobili
cones
extinct and extant lycophytes in compact groups
Extant Genera
ligule
upper surface of Selaginella leaves
Morphology
microphylls
the enations in the division lychophyta
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