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chapter 7 roots (endodermis (casparian strips (passage cells (they were…
chapter 7 roots
endodermis
casparian strips
passage cells
they were once thought to represent passagewys for the absorption of minerals; it is now suspected that they are merely slow to develop
the bands of altered walls, are involved in controlling the types of minerals that enter the xylem water stream
pericycle
between the vascular tissue and the endodermis are parenchyma cells that constitute an irregular region
prop roots
make contact with the soil, they transport additional nutrients and water to the stem,just as importantly, they contract slightly and place some tension on the stem, thus acting as stabilizers, much like guy wires on tall television antennas
buttress roots
upper side grows more rapidly than other parts of the root. buttress roots brace the trunk against being blown over by winds
in the zone of maturation, minerals do not have free access to the vascular tissues because the innermost layer of cortical cells differentiates into a cylinder
tap roots
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fibrous root system
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root cap
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root apical meristem
zone of elongation
root hair zone
root hair
form only in a part of the root that is not elongating; otherwise, they would be shorn off
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zone of maturation
Beginning at the first root hair is the zone of cell maturation where the root cells differentiate into specialized cell types
the region in which newly formed cells by the activity of apical meristem start elongating. Different regions of growth are very distinct in growing roots
is a small region at the tip of a root in which all cells are capable of repeated division and from which all primary root tissues are derived
quiescent center
A region in the apical meristem of a root where cell division proceeds very slowly or not at all, but the cells are capable of resuming meristematic activity should tissue surrounding them be damaged
root pressure
the absorption of minerals in the root hair zone causes a powerful absorption of water, and a water pressure
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most monocots and some eudicots have a mass of many similarly sized roots; this arises because the radicle dies during or immediately after germination
carrots, beets, and radishes, are the plant's main site of carbohydrate storage during winter.
mycorrhizae
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is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant, refers to the role of the fungus in the plant's rhizosphere, its root system
nitrogen fixation
infection thread
root nodule
haustoria
a slender projection from the root of a parasitic plant, such as a dodder, or from the hyphae of a parasitic fungus, enabling the parasite to penetrate the tissues of its host and absorb nutrients from it.
a swelling on a root of a leguminous plant, containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria
formation is most often initiated when rhizobia become trapped between two root hair cell walls. This usually occurs when a deformed root hair forms a sharp bend or curl, and bacteria bound to the root hair become trapped between appressed cell walls
the chemical processes by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds, especially by certain microorganisms as part of the nitrogen cycle.
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