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Traumatic brain injury- Injury or trauma to the scalp, brain or scalp.…
Traumatic brain injury- Injury or trauma to the scalp, brain or scalp.
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Haematomas
Epidural haematoma- Bleeding between the brain dura and skull surface due to a torn or broken blood vessel. Needs immediate action and surgery.
Subdural Haematoma- Usually caused by a head injury that is strong enough to cause the blood vessels to become damaged. This causes blood to pool between the brain dura and skull causing pressure and brain damage.
Intracerebral Haematoma- This is when there is bleeding whither the brain tissue and is also known as a type of stroke. The site and location determine the severity of the patients brain damage.
Glasco scale for severity. This test is preformed on patients with suspected brain injury and the score determines the patients level of potential brain damage.
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Nursing management
The nurse will need to undergo regular vital signs and preform the primary and secondary survey to insure the patients main issues due to brain damage are controlled first. A GSC score will need to be obtained and then updated daily to insure the patient is not deteriorating. Oxygen may be needed due to poor perfusion and pain management will need to be controlled. Depending on the severity and type of brain injury, medication such as blood thinners may need to be with-held. Patient will need to be stabilised.
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Reference list.Boore, J., Cook, N., & Shepherd, A. (2016). Essentials of anatomy and physiology for nursing practice. Los Angeles, USA: Sage.
Craft, J.A., & Gordon. C.J. (2015). Understanding pathophysiology (2nd ed.). Sydney, Australia: Elsevier Australia.mullan, k. (2019). Types of Traumatic Brain Injury | SpinalCord.com. [online] Spinalcord.com. Available at: https://www.spinalcord.com/types-of-traumatic-brain-injury [Accessed 9 Aug. 2019]