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Kidney stones (Types of stones and RF (Ca Oxalate (80%) (AMP struvite…

- - - - Ca & oxalate in urine
        
        Thiazides
        
        diet change (decrease red meat protein and citrate :oxalate)
    - - Uric Acid stones
        
        Lucent
        
        Gout
        
        Tumor lysis
        
        idiopathic (most common)
        
        Allopurinol for gout
        
        diet for gout (no EtOH, red meat, seafood)
        
        Rasburicase for Tumor lysis (if you forgot the prophy)
        
        Cystine stones
        
        Lucent
        
        Genetic (rare af)
      - Opaque
        
        UTI: Proteus
        
        urea splitting activity
        
        aggressive Abx
        
        stones in kidney = more recurrence: surgery
- - - - :green_cross:no microhematuria
        Prob not stone :no_entry:
      - :check: Has microhematuria
        
        Stone?
        
        look for stone itself (radiopaque)
        
        look for hydronephrosis
        
        Imaging: Non-con CT :stars: (best test)
        
        can't use in pregnancy :forbidden::pregnant_woman::skin-tone-2:
        
        US
        
        bad for distal stones
        
        bad for early hydro detection
        
        1st line in pregnancy :pregnant_woman::skin-tone-4:
        
        KUB
        
        not sensitive enough to detect
        
        great for tracking
        
        :green_cross:imaging negative: not a stone :no_entry:
        
        :check:See stone
        
        1 more item...