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Blood Pressure Regulation (Neural (Baroreceptor reflex (Sensors…
Blood Pressure Regulation
Neural
Sympathetic tone
Lumen size regulation
Baroreceptor reflex
Sensors (locations)
High pressure
Characteristics
Afferent and efferent pathways
From carotid sinus and aortic arch
Low pressure
Task types and function
Effect of type B receptors
Effects of hypertension and hypootension
Other
Chemoreceptors
Mechanism
Nociceptors and metabotropic receptors
Effects of atrial stretch
ANP and BNP
Characteristics, receptor types and effects
Local
Metabolic autoregulation
Higher met, higher vasodilator sec
lack of O2 leads to failure of smooth muscle to contract
Myogenic autoregulation
Types of hyperemia
Mechanisms of long-term tissue perfusion autoregulation
Goal
Hormonal
Humoral vasocontrictors
+
Humoral vasodilators
RAAS system
Long term BP regulation]
RAAS cascade
Renin
Release stimulating factors
ANG II actions
Rapid pressure response
Mechanisms
Slow pressure response
Mechanisms
Vascular and cardiac hypertrophy/remodeling
Aldosterone
Effects
Antagonist?
ADH
Effects (in kidney)
Other
Factors affecting arterial blood pressure
Microcirculation
Capillary structure and function
Capillary types
Transport mechanisms at capillary
Filtration
Factors increasing filtration
Volume filtered per day
Regulation
Perfusion regulation mechanisms
Dependent on and upregulation
Lymphatics
Elements
Characterictics of vessels
Describe capillaries
Describe collector vessels
Lymph nodes
Lymph characteristics
Speed
Lymphedema (primary and secondary)