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Public Finance (Non-tax Revenue (sales of goods and services, fines and…
Public Finance
Non-tax Revenue
sales of goods and services
fines and forfeitures
income from investment
rental revenue
treasury bills, bonds and loans
petroleum royalties
Types of tax structure
proportional
regressive
progressive
Taxes
direct tax
property tax
inheritance tax
corporate tax
stamp duty tax
income tax
indirect tax
excise tax
sales tax
Government Expenditure
operating expenditure
debt service charges
pensions and gratuities
supplies and social service
grants and transfers to state governments
emoluments
development expenditure
security
social services
general administration
economic services
Sources of Government Revenue and Expenditure in Islam
Sources of Revenue
kharaj
jizyah
zakat
ushur
taxation
ghanimah
Types of Expenditures
expenditure necessary under present circumstances
expenditure for interest of public
expenditure mandated by syariah