Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Consonants (Fricatives (Weak consonants (Lengthens the preceding vowel in…

- - - - Made voiceless
      - Some friction is heard
    - - Some English speakers replace /tj/ with /tʃ/ and /tj/ with /dʒ/
      - Most American speakers drop /j/ after /t, d, n, l, s, θ/
      - Some R.P. speakers always pronounce /j/ after /t, d, n/ but not after /l, s, θ/
  - - - Lips should be rounded quite firmly when /w/ is in the initial position
      - Lips gradually become rounded when /w/ follows a consonant
      - Lips are rounded but the /w/ is not voiced when /w/ follows /t/ or /k/
    - - American speakers pronounce a voiceless /hw/ when pronouncing words such as which and when
  - - - Tongue is curved with the tip pointing towards the hard palate
      - Voiced but has no friction
      - Soft palate is raised
    - - Lips are rather rounded in the initial position
      - Lips aren't rounded when between vowels
    - - /r/ only occurs before vowels and never before consonants
      - Intrusive /r/
        
        A linking /r/ after a /ə/ or /ɔː/
        
        Discouraged
      - Linking /r/
        
        /r/ is only pronounced at the end of words if the following word begins with a vowel
      - After stops
        
        Voiceless with friction
        
        Tongue tip is further back than usual when /t/ and /d/ are followed by /r/
- - - - Dark /l/
        
        Before consonants or final position
        
        Remainder of tongue takes up the /ʊ/ or the /ɔː/ position
      - Clear /l/
        
        Remainder of tongue takes up the /ɪ/ position
        
        Before vowels