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Ancient Chinese Architecture The Forbidden City 紫禁城 (Construction -…
Ancient Chinese Architecture
The Forbidden City
紫禁城
Location & History
central of Beijing
1406~1420 (Ming Dynasty)
1406 (Emperor Yongle move capital from Nanjing to Beijing
1644 (Ming was replaced by Qing Dynasty)
1912 (~Emperor PuYi)
1914 (PuYi was imprisoned)→(His expulsion)
1925 (converted to the National Palace Museum)
display artifacts of Ming and Qing Dynasty
1987 (declared a World Heritage Site
UNESCO: the largest collection of preserved ancient wooden structures
Size & Residents
about 960 by 750 meters in size
(=20 football fields)
980 surviving buildings with 8,707 rooms
(believed to have 9999 rooms)
surrounding
a six-meter deep, 52 meters wide moat
a 7.9 meters high,8.62 meters wide wall
24 Emperors have lived here
about 9000 people for Emperor's convenience
the royal family
concubines
servants
eunuchs
Construction --Outer Court (Front Court)
includes the southern sections
central north-south axis
Gate of Supreme Harmony (leads to the main square)
main square
three-tiered white marble terrace
northern ramp
a single piece of stone (200 tons)
southern ramp
two stone slabs joined together
three halls on the terrace
1.
Hall of Supreme Harmony
largest and most important
30m, largest surviving wooden
2 more items...
has the most elaborate throne
2.
Hall of Central Harmony
smaller, square hall
Emperor prepares and rests during ceremonies
3.
Hall of Preserving Harmony
rehearsing ceremonies
ceremonial purposes
Construction --Inner Court (Back Court)
residence of the Emperor and his family
Qing Dynasty→Emperor lived and worked
includes northern section
center -- three halls
Palace of Heavenly Purity
Hall of Union
Palace of Earthly Tranquillity
(east and west self-contained courtyards
for Emperor's concubines and children
day-to-day affairs of state
Behind the Inner Court
Imperial Garden (leads to the north gate)
the north gate→
Gate of Divine Might