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ANESTHETICS (Solubility in blood (Freely/Fast moving in blood (High…
ANESTHETICS
Solubility in blood
Freely/Fast moving in blood
High solubility
Volatile
Delayed saturation
Larger amounts needed to saturated
Extended half life
Delayed onset
Delayed recovery
Slow to move in blood
Low solubility
Nitrous
Immediately saturated
Small amount of gas needed to saturate
Brain saturation occurs quickly
Less soluble
Rapid onset
Rapid receovery
Determines the speed at which blood becomes saturated with the anesthetic
aka Partition Coeficient
MAC
% of anesthetic in mixture that renders 50% of patients unresponsive
ED50
Dose at which this happens
Potency
Minimal concentration that reaches the brain necessary to reach adequate anesthesia
Inversely related to MAC
P= 1/MAC
Depends on body temperature and increasing patient age
Minimum concentration of anesthetic in the brain necessary to achieve an adequate level of anesthesia
Determines the potency of inhaled anesthetic
NITROUS OXIDE
Gaseous anesthetic
VOLATILE anesthetics
Liquid @ RT
Fluorinated
Gas exchange at alveoli
Malignant hyperthermia
Skeletal muscle hypersensitivity to volatile anesthetics and Succinylcholine
Defect in rhyanodine receptor on SR
Release of massive amounts of Ca+
Excessive ATP dependent Ca+ reuptake by SR
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Goal of inhalation anesthesia
Maintain optimal brain partial pressure → blood solubility → blood gas partition coefficient
AV concentration gradient
Onset of action
Recovery