Natural Order Hypothesis- explains for children of both first and second language say certain words first. Words such as mom, dad, and common used words in the home are attempted by the child first.
Monitor Hypothesis- student's ability to learn the phonology, morphology, and syntax of the words they are learning, being able to judge "what sounds right" in context.
Input Hypothesis- students need to understand what they are learning (comprehensible input). Information needs to be just above their current level and not too high or student will not gain comprehension. Pictures/models, motions, hands on activities are ways that will assist students in acquiring new knowledge.
Affective Filter Hypothesis- Students that are anxious or bored are not acquiring this new knowledge because these block the the input from going to the brain. When the filter is open, students are able to gain in the acquisition process.