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ALGAE BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION (Characteristics and advantages of algae for…
ALGAE BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION
Characteristics and advantages of algae for bioethanol
no competition
high carbohydrate content
no lignin and low hemicellulose level
rapid growth
high photosynthetic efficiency
fast productivity and harvesting cycle(1 - 10 days)
algae involved
microalgae
mainly consist of green algae
macroalgae
consist mostly of brown and red algae with only one green algae
Comparison between gasoline and bioethanol fuel
gasoline = non renewable
bioethanol fuel = renewable
source of algae
nature stock
collection of floating seaweed
3.6 million tonnes
48% collected from aquaculture
artificial culturing
macroalgae
marine farm
microalgae
outdoor open ponds
enclosed photobioreactors (PBRs)
Steps of bioethanol production from algae biomass
pretreatment
physical
mechanical pretreatment
irradiation
ultrasonication
physico-chemical
hydrothermal
steam explosion
supercritical carbon dioxide
chemical
alkaline
acid hydrolysis
sodium chlorite
biological
enzymatic hydrolysis
fermentation
separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation
simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
simultaneous saccharification an cofermentation
distillation
Conclusion
raw materials for bioethanol production is sustainable and eco-friendly
overcome technology barriers of algae bioethanol productions
reduce cost of pretreatment
use biorefinery approach