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Transport Processes (isolation mechanisms (diffusion 1200px-Diffusion.svg…
Transport Processes
isolation mechanisms
diffusion 
osmosis s
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Guard cells
each of a pair of curved cells that surround a stoma, becoming larger or smaller according to the pressure within the cells.
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the action of spreading the light from a light source evenly so as to reduce glare and harsh shadows.
a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one, thus equalizing the concentrations on each side of the membrane.
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An impermeable substance is one through which substances like liquids or gases cannot pass. In some cases, a substance will be impermeable to liquid but permeable to gas.
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Pumping mechanisms which allow cells to accumulate solutes up gradients of potential can contribute to the membrane potential in both an indirect and a direct way.
the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
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is a measure of the potential energy in water as well as the difference between the potential in a given water sample and pure water
The component of water potential due to the hydrostatic pressure that is exerted on water in a cell. In turgid plant cells it usually has a positive value as the entry of water causes the protoplast to push against the cell wall (see turgor).
Primarily used for higher range pressure measurement due to its larger value (e.g. 1 MPa = 10 bar), the MPa is mainly used to describe the pressure ranges and ratings of hydraulic systems.
(ψs) results from dissolved solutes in cell sap and is proportional to solute concentration and inversely proportional to cell water volume.
is sometimes referred to as tension or pressure head (ψ, hPa) is the cohesive attractive force between a soil particle and water in the pore spaces in the soil particle/water/air matrix.
excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen.
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DescriptionInside a plant, the apoplast is the space outside the plasma membrane within which material can diffuse freely.
A type of plant cell that acts like a hinge at joints to enable the movement of plant parts, such as the closing and opening of leaflets in response to light intensity (see nyctinasty) or the rapid closure of a leaf in a carnivorous plant.
are specialized parenchyma cells that have an increased surface area, due to infoldings of the plasma membrane. They facilitate the transport of sugars from a sugar source, mainly mature leaves, to a sugar sink, often developing leaves or fruits.
theory is a theory of intermolecular attraction that explains the process of water flow upwards (against the force of gravity) through the xylem of plants.
Among the three types of transpiration, this is the most dominant being responsible for most of the water loss in plants. It accounts for 90-95% of the water transpired from leaves.
This type of transpiration is responsible for the loss of water in plants via the cuticle. Water vapor directly diffuses through the cuticle on leaves and herbaceous stems and escapes to the atmosphere.
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A protein found in large amounts in the sap-conducting sieve elements of phloem tissue in plants. It takes various forms in the mature sieve element, depending on plant species, ranging from a network of filaments to discrete crystalline bodies.
s a polysaccharide in the form of β-1,3-glucan with some β-1,6-branches and it exists in the cell walls of a wide variety of higher plants.