Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Electrolytes (*Potassium = K+
- (*Hyperkalemia KKK BANK
K+ BANK save…
Electrolytes
*Potassium = K+
-
*Hyperkalemia KKK BANK
- K+ BANK save up ALOT of K+
--> these diuretic classes all increase K+ where LOOPS and thiazides both LOSE K+
KKK BANK
- KKK = excess K from 2 K+sparing diuretics (spironolactone, Epleronone) and high K+ intake
- B = beta blockers
- A = ACE Inhibitors
- N = NSAIDs
- K = Na/K pump inhibitor = digoxin --> digoxin TOXIN
-
-
K+ Notes
- K+ is lost by the 3 D's
--> Diuretics (reason why you need K+ sparing diuretics)
--> Diarrhea
--> Diaphoresis (note that sweat has high K+ than plasma does)
*HYPOkalemia
- LOOPS LOSE Ca++ and thiazides don't
--> they BOTH LOOSE K+
--> where ACE blockers are a part of K+ BANK
-
*Equilibrium potentials for APsExtracellular Ions:
- Cl- = -75 mV
- Na+ = + 60 mV
Intracellular Ions:
- K+ = -90 mV
- Ca++ = + 125mV
*Resting membrane potential of cells
- K+ is the MOST permeable ion that determines the resting membrane potential
--> small amount of Na+ influx is secondarily important
- K+ constant outflux through leak channels is what brings the hyperpol of the AP back to the resting of -70
- note that K+ eq = -75,
--> but the normal resting membrane potential is slightly high = -70
--> this is becasue there is a small amount of Na+ that leaks in
--> bringing the rest membrane potential from -75 to slight more positive = -70
-
*Calcium = Ca++
*HypOCalcemia = Ca++
- can be caused by CKD
--> less production of active Viatmin D from the liver and kidney
--> high constant phosphate levels cause hypocalcemia
*CKD and HypOCalcemia = Ca++
- HypOCalcemia can be caused by CKD
--> less production of active Viatmin D from the liver and kidney
--> high constant phosphate levels cause hypocalcemia
-
-
-
