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Chapter 8: Structure of Woody Plants (Vascular Cambium (Initiation of the…

- - - - increases number of cambial cells
    - - produces 2 elongate cells
  - - - Storage parenchyma
      - Gymnosperms
      - Albuminous cells
  - - - connects on each side
        
        fascicular cambia
  - - - no horizoontal pattern
    - - horizontal rows
- - - - develops from ray initials
    - - conduction up and down stem
    - - parenchyma cells
      - conifers
        
        albuminous cells
        
        ray cells
- - - - Blocks absorption of oxygen
    - - Keeps out pathogens
      - Retains water
  - - - green to tan
    - - epidermis
      - cortex
      - primary/secondary phloem
  - - - layers of cork cells
    - - all tissues outside innermost cork cambium
    - - layer of parenchyma
    - - secondary phloem
        
        between vascular cambium and innermost cork cambium
    - - after division
        
        outer cell
- - - - heartwood
      - sapwood
      - not identical to stems of same plant
- - - - moist wood
      - light wood
      - new layer is formed annually
    - - older wood
      - dark wood
  - - - tension wood
        
        little to no lignin
        
        rich in cellulose
      - growth rings
        
        eccentric
        
        much wider on top of branch
- - - - No true wood
      - No secondary phloem
      - No vascular cambium
      - Establishment growth
        
        increase in width and addition of adventitious roots
  - - - secondary phloem
        
        between two bands of xylem
    - - stem becomes wider
        
        increases conducting capacity
    - - produces many vascular cambia
        
        speed production of storage capacity
    - - secondary vascular bundles
        
        cells undergo rapid division
        
        narrow cells produced