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Structure of Woody Plants (Sceondary Xylem (Growth Rings (final cells…
Structure of Woody Plants
Vascular Cambium
Initiation of The Vascular Cambium
vascular cambium
meristem
secondary body plant
fusiform initials
thin primary walls
wood cells
long, tapered cells
division
periclinal wall
parallel
two elongate cells
anticlinal wall
perpendicular
ray initials
#
short
cuboidal
storage
two cells
one differentiates into
xylem/phloem parenchyma
herbaceous
cells
conducting tissue
woody
cells
no cell cycle
divide not mature
fascicular cambium
interfascicular cambium
mature
mitosis
Arrangement of Cuboidal Cells
specific patterns
ray
grouped
short rows
verticle
uniserate
1 cell wide
biserate
2 cells wide
multiserate
many cells wide
fusiform
regular horizontal rows
storied cambium
irregular
nonstoried cambium
Sceondary Xylem
Types of Wooded Cells
secondary xylem
inteerior
wood
Arragements
similar to
axial system
fusiform initals
radial system
ray initials
ONLY parenchyma cells
store carbohydrates
dormant periods
upright cells
direct contact
precumbant cells
no direct contact
ray tracheids
horizontal rectangular cells
seconary wall
protoplasts
tracheary elements
longitudinal
conduction of water
fibers
strength and flecibility
hardwood
many fibers
softwood
not many fibers
Growth Rings
early wood
wide vessels
late wood
large cuticle
new vessels
not as many
annul ring
final cells
heavy fibers
diffuse porous
vessels throughout
ring porous
vessels restricted to
early wood
Heart Wood
center of log
dark
dry
Sap Wood
lighter
moist
Reaction wood
reaction to stress
gravitational
lateral strain
nonvertical trunks
Secondary Phloem
#
formed by vascular cambium
axial and radial system
conduct high and low
stem and root
sieve tubes
Outer Bark
Cork
keeps out
pathogens
ratiains
water
Cork Cambium
phellogen
cuboidal cells
inner cell
remains cork cambium
outer cell
cork cell
outward push
inner bark
secondary phloem
between
vascular cambium
#
inner cork
phllenoderm
mature parenchyma layer
inside
periderm
all together
temporary protection
all tissues outside
Lenticels and Oxygen Diffusion
lenticels
cork
blocks oxygen absorption
bad respiration
cork
permeable bark
round cells
intercellular spaces
diffusion path
Initiation of Cork Cambia
detectable
surface color change
green to tan
Secondary Growth
vascular cambium
round
unequal growth stop
ray and fusiform initials
Anamolous Forms of Growth
Anomolous Secondary Growth
produce secnodary bodies
Root of Sweet Potatoes
increase storage parenchyma
Included Phloem
protection
exterior
Unequal Activity of The Vascular Cambium
Bauhinia
stem grows
out 2 ways
same way in 2
flexible advantage
Unusual Primary Growth
establishment growth
increases
width
addition of
advantageous bundles
