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11.2 1.11.2 (PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION (Performance optimization is the…

- - - - • Continuous improvement methodologies, such as the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle
        
        used in business for the control and continuous improvement of processes and products. The steps in each successive PDCA cycle are:a
        
        Check
        
        Study the actual results (measured and collected in the do step) and #
        
        compare against the expected results (targets or goals from the plan step) to ascertain any differences #
        
        Look for deviation in implementation from the plan, and for the appropriateness/completeness of the plan to enable the execution (i.e., the do step).
        
        .Charting data can make it much easier to see trends over several PDCA cycles and to convert the collected data into information, which is needed for the next step.
        
        Plan
        
        Establish the OBJECTIVES AND PROCESSES necessary to deliver results in accordance with the expected output (the target or goals).
        
        By establishing output expectations, the completeness and accuracy of the specification are also a part of the targeted improvement. When possible, start on a small scale to test possible effects.
        
        Act
        
        Request CORRECTIVE ACTIONS on significant differences between actual and planned results.
        
        ANALYZE DIFFERENCES TO DETERMINE THEIR ROOT CAUSES
        
        Determine WHERE TO APPLY CHANGES that will include improvement of the process or product.
        
        Do
        
        Implement the plan, execute the process and make the product.
        
        Collect data for charting and analysis in the following check and act steps
      - • Comprehensive best practices, such as ITIL
      - • Frameworks, such as COBIT
- - - - This process includes
        
        DEFINING relevant PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
        
        systematic and timely REPORTING OF PERFORMANCE
        
        and PROMPT ACTION UPON DISCOVERY OF DEVIATIONS
      - control over montoring
        
        satisfies the business requirement for IT to be transparent and respect costs, benefits, strategy, policies and service levels aligned with governance requirements is achieved by the following actions:
        
        • Collate and translate process performance reports into management reports.
        
        • Review performance against agreed-upon targets and initiate appropriate remedial action.
        
        can be measured by
        
        • SATISFACTION OF THE MANAGEMENT AND THE GOVERNANCE ENTITY with the performance reporting
        
        • NUMBER OF IMPROVEMENT ACTIONS driven by monitoring activities
        
        • PERCENT OF CRITICAL PROCESSES MONITORED
        
        Key Performance Indicators KPIs.
        
        Helps to effectively monitor the activities of IT to ensure they are ALIGNED WITH OVERALL BUSINESS GOALS
        
        help MONITOR ACHIEVEMENT COMPARED TO GOALS, and
        
        describe a QUALITY and require a MEASURABLE BASELINE
        
        also influence and help IMPROVE BUSINESS DECISION MAKING in areas such as budgets, priorities, resourcing and activities.
        
        help evaluate the EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF BUSINESS PROCESSES
        
        They are essential tools that enable enterprises to BETTER ALLOCATE AND MANAGE RESOURCES
    - - Developing performance metrics usually involves three steps:
        
        • Establish CRITICAL PROCESS to meet customer requirements.
        
        • IdentifySPECIFIC, QUANTIFIABLE OUTPUTS of work from the identified processes.
        
        • Establish TARGETS against which results can be scored.
      - Features of effective metrics
        
        consistently measured;
        
        data should be easy to gather;
        
        expressed as a number,percentage or a unit of measure;
        
        contextually specific
        
        based on acceptable good practices,
        
        be useful for internal and external comparison,
        
        be meaningful to IT’s customers and
        sponsors.
      - An IS auditor should ensure that performance metrics cover:
        
        • Business contribution including, but not limited to, financials
        
        • Performance against the strategic business and IT plan
        
        • Risk and compliance with regulations
        
        • Internal and external user satisfaction with service levels
        
        • Key IT processes, including solution and service delivery
        
        • Future-oriented activities (e.g., emerging technology, reusable infrastructure, business and IT personnel skill sets)