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particle model of matter (measuring the density of an irregulary shaped…
particle model of matter
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particles
gas particles can move around freely and willcollide with other particles and the walls of the container. this is the pressure of the gas. if the temperature of the gas increases then the pressure will also increase. the hotter the temperature the more kinetic energy the gas particleshave. they move faster colliding with the sides of the container more often. density. the density of an object is 8050kg/m and it has volume of 3.4m. what is its mass in kg
particles
solids,liquids,gases
solids have strong forces of attraction. they are held together very closly in a fixed regular arrangment. the particles do not have much energy and can only vibrate
liquids have weeker forces of attraction. they are close together but can move past each other. they form irregular arrangements. they have more energy then particles in a solid
gases haved almost no force of attraction between the particles. they ahve most energy and are free to move in random directions
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internal energy
particles within a system have kinetic energy when they vibrate or move around the partticles also ahve a potential energy store. the total internal energy of a system is the kinetic and potentail energy stores. if the system is heated the particles will gain more kinetic energy so.
specific latent heat
energy is being put induring melting and boiling. this increases the amount of internal energy. the energy is being used to break the bonds so the tempreature does not increase. this is shown by the parts of the graph that are flat. when a substance is condensing or freezing the energy put in is used to form the bonds. this releases energy. this energy decreases but the temperture does not go down. the energy neede to change the stat of a substance is called the latent heat.
changing state
if a system gains more energy it can lead to change in temperature or change in state. if the system is heated enogh then will be enogh energy break bonds. when somthing changes state there is no chemical change only physical. no new substance is formed. the substance will chnage back to its oringanal form. the number of particles deos not chnage and mass is conserved.
foundation and higher
isotopes
an isotope is an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutron. they have the asme atomic munber but different mass number. some isotopes are unstable and as a result decay and give out radiation. ionising radaiation is radiation. ionsing electrons off atoms. just how ionising this radiation is depends on how readily it can do that.
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