Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Infectious Disease (Pathogens (Prions - abnormal protein, do not contain…
Infectious Disease
Pathogens
Prions - abnormal protein, do not contain nucleic acid e.g. Human form of mad cow disease
Viruses - contain single DNA and RNA e.g. HIV, AIDS
Bacteria - prokaryotic, uni cellular e.g. tetanus, lyme disease
Fungi - eukaryotic, cell wall, no chloroplast e.g. foot tinea, rust
-
Protozoan - Eukaryotic, e.g malaria
-
-
Preventative measures
-
-
-
-
Personal hygiene - washing hands, gloves
Pesticides, Herbicides, Fungicides
Epidemiology
-
Outbreak - sudden increase in local, regional area
-
-
-
-
Immune system
First line of defence > skin, cilia, mucous - trap pathogens, sweat, tears, vomiting, diarrhoea
Second line of defence > phagocytosis, inflammation response, natural killer cells, cell death, complement system
Third line of defence
B cells: kill antigens outside of the cell. Plasma B cells - produce antibodies, memory B cells - store memory for second exposure of same pathogen
T cells: kill antigens inside cells. Helper T cells - attract other white blood cells to the infected area, Cytotoxic T cells - kill antigens, memory T cells - store memory for second exposure, supressor T cells - end antibody prodution
Plant responses - thick cuticle, small stomata, production of chemicals, bark
Modes of transmission
-
Direct transmission - touching, coughing, sneezing, body fluids
-
Louis Pasteur
- swan neck and straight neck flask experiment with boiled broth
- only microbial growth was in straight neck flask
- microbes get trapped in the s neck flask and do not enter broth
All microbes come from pre-existing microbes.
Robert Koch
- koch's postulates
Specific micro-organisms cause specific disease.
Anitvirals
- used against virus
- most effective antiviral was HIV
Antibitoics
- used against bacteria
- bacteria are becoming resistant to common antibiotics
- if full antibiotics is not finished remaining bacteria will become resistant due to selection
-