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Tectonics Synopticity (Coasts (The building of sea walls in Japan to…
Tectonics Synopticity
Coasts
The building of sea walls in Japan to protect from the threat of tsunamis has meant that there is little to no erosion of the protected coastline, meaning inputs to the system are far fewer. However, this region is mountainous and landslides are likely to occur during an earthquake meaning there is large increase of sediment onto the beach
Faults in rock created by tectonic movement can create areas of weakness that can be exploited to form large land forms of erosion in otherwise resistant rock. Equally cooling joint and cracks in lava can be exposed.
Ocean currents e.g old current between N. America and S. America can be closed due to the creation of new land via volcanic activity. Changes global flow of sediment.
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Human Rights
Impacts of tectonic events disproportionally affect women. Girls are less likely to survive a tsunami as they ahvent been taught to swim and women are usually left and home and wait for their husbands to return before taking action during a hazardous event. After the event has occurred, many women are vulnerable and unsafe. 1 in 5 women experience sexual violence after a hazardous event, child marriages begin to seem like a good way to protect girls as a family has no alternative and after the Nepal earthquake, there was a significant increase in trafficking of women to work in brothels in South Asia
Refugee camps after an earthquake can cause human rights abuses, such as lack of access to food and clean water. Children are not in school due to destruction meaning they are missing out on vital education that could assist them in later life, meaning the human rights abuses are likely to follow them through to adulthood
CSMP
Tectonics can influence the built environment of an area, such as the churches in the Azores being framed in basalt rock This is also due to volcanoes have spiritual meanings to people, such as Mount Fuji in Japan, with many traditional practises being connected to the mountain
Can influence FDI as it becomes a risky place to invest in due to the chance of destruction and therefore lost profit, as well as high insurances. Leads to more government investment like in Christchurch NZ.
Many places use their tectonic activity as a source for their re-branding e.g. Iceland. This has caused an exponential growth in their tourism industry as people come to view the unique landscape and tectonic features such as geysers.
Inequality can cause different risks of tectonic events. Poor with crudely built dwellings are more likely to have homes destroyed and be displaced. Sustenance farmers on the sides of volcanoes will have their main source of food removed for 2-3 years as the ash settles.
Migration
Tectonic activity can cause people to be displaced as houses and buildings have collapsed. Normally, as an earthquake doesn't affect the whole country, people are internally displaced so the event is unlikely to have an effect on global migration unless its an island like Montserrat
ELSS
Volcanic activity can cause huge levels of flooding e.g. Iceland when the volcanic eruption melted a glacier, causing huge changes to the water cycle in the area.
Volcanic activity can also cause a change in global temperatures as albedo of the land is decreased due to ash cover. In severe cases this can causes a volcanic winter, causing large scale changes to both the carbon and water cycles
Volcanic activity is the main output of the slow carbon cycles, releasing thousands of tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere during an eruption. However, as volcanic activity is rare, these outputs are relatively small and is one of the reasons that the slow carbon cycles can take millennia to complete.
Basalt rock produced by eruptions will cause more percolation and and groundwater storage, allowing aquifers to build up where as intrusive volcanic activity, creating granite, will be impermeable, increasing the run off and surface storage of the area.