Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
MUSCULOSKELETAL (*Thoracic Neuromuscular Anatomy
pectoralis major +…
MUSCULOSKELETAL
Orthopedics
Bone *Fractures and injuries
- most commonly fractured bone in the body is the calvicle
--> mostly in children
*Thoracic Neuromuscular Anatomy
- pectoralis major + minor
- serratus anterior
*Seratus Anterior
- origin on ribs 1-8
- inserts onto entire medial side of scapula
- "C5-6-7 raise your wings to heaven"
--> injury causes inability to raise arm past 90 degrees up to heaven
--> results in a winging of the scapula
--> Long thoracic nerve roots (567)
--> innervate Serratus anterior.
-
*"Winging of the Scapula" = either Trapezius or Seratus Anterior
- serratus winging = superior medial scapula ELEVATES and protrudes posterior and lateral
--> vs the trapezius damage = scapula drops
- trapezius winging = superior medial scapula DROPS downward and protrudes posterior and lateral
--> trapezius inserts on the TOP of scapula
--> so traps damage = scapula drops
-
*Seratus "Winging of the Scapula" = C5,6,7 - Seratus Anterior
- serratus winging = superior medial scapula ELEVATES and protrudes posterior and lateral
--> vs the trapezius damage = scapula drops
- origin on ribs 1-8
- inserts onto entire medial side of scapula
- "C5-6-7 raise your wings to heaven"
--> injury causes inability to raise arm past 90 degrees up to heaven
--> results in a winging of the scapula
--> Long thoracic nerve roots (567)
--> innervate Serratus anterior.
-
Clinical Cases
- 2 more items...
-
-
*Trapezius Winging of the scapula
- trapezius winging = superior medial scapula DROPS downward and protrudes posterior and lateral
--> trapezius inserts on the TOP of scapula
--> so traps damage = scapula drops
-
*Pectoralis Muscles
Pectoralis Major
--> innervation = BOTH medial + lateral pectoralis nerve
--> origin = ribs 3,4,5 + medial 1/2 of clavicle
--> insertion = lateral lip of humerus radial groove
Pectoralis Minor
--> innervation = ONLY medial pectoralis nerve
--> origin = ribs 3,4,5
--> insertion = coraciobrachialis
*Pectoralis Major
--> innervation = BOTH medial + lateral pectoralis nerve
--> origin = ribs 3,4,5 + medial 1/2 of clavicle
--> insertion = lateral lip of humerus radial groove
Pectoralis Minor
--> innervation = ONLY medial pectoralis nerve
--> origin = ribs 3,4,5
--> insertion = coraciobrachialis
-
Innervation
- innervation = BOTH medial + lateral pectoralis nerve
-
*Pectoralis Minor
- innervation = ONLY medial pectoralis nerve
--> origin = ribs 3,4,5
- insertion = coraciobrachialis
- think of PEC MINOR as = the corraciobrachialis of the PECs
--> corraciobrachialis and pec minor both tag each other at the corraciod process
Innervation
- innervation = ONLY medial pectoralis nerve
-
-
Posterior *Upper Back Neuromuscular Anatomy
- Rhomboid major + minor muscles
- trapezius muscle
*Abdominal Neuromuscular Anatomy
Posterior *Lower Back Neuromuscular Anatomy
- internal pelvic hip flexors
--> illeopsoas muscles
--> pectineus muscles
*Pelvis Neuromuscular Anatomy
- internal pelvic hip flexors
--> illeopsoas muscles
--> pectineus muscles
*Hip Joint Neuromuscular Anatomy
*illeopsoas muscle
- insert on the interior medial side of the femor
--> this is important since where infections from appendix or pancreas or vertebral cancers can spread
-
*Leg Anatomy
- femur = largest long bone of the body
--> major site for hematopoesis
--> lots of yellow and red marrow
*Upper leg/thigh
- femor and hip acetabulum
- linea aspea = where all the adductors insert onto the posterior side of the femur
- the pectineus and illeopsoas insert on the interior medial side of the femor
--> this is important since where infections from appendix or pancreas or vertebral cancers can spread
- 2 more items...
*Gluteal Muscles and Nerves
- note the innervation is switched for the glut muscles
--> superior gluteus nerve supplies the medius and minimis
--> inferior gluteus nerve supplies the maximus
*Gluteal Muscles
- gluteaus medius is the main hip abductor
--> what you test for in Trendelenberg's Test
- note the innervation is switched for the glut muscles
--> superior gluteus nerve supplies the medius and minimis
--> inferior gluteus nerve supplies the maximus
- 1 more item...
*Gluteal Nerves
- note the innervation is switched for the glut muscles
--> superior gluteus nerve supplies the medius and minimis
--> inferior gluteus nerve supplies the maximus
- 1 more item...
*Greater Sciatic Foreman
- contains the scitaic nerve + piriformis muscle
-
*LBP = low back pain
- note that LBP is the 2nd most common reason for adults to seek medical attention
- majority are uncomplicated MSK, but you need to rule out other causes and look out for the red flags
- 3 BROAD major causes of LBP
--> MSK
--> Infectious
--> Malignancy
-
-
*Clavicle Joint
*Clavicle Fractures
- most commonly fractured bone in the body is the calvicle
--> mostly in children
-
*Shoulder Joint
*Rotator Cuff muscles
- "SUPRA big DELTZ and TRAPZ get SHREDDED at the gym"
--> 0,15,90,100 degrees in abduction of the shoulder
-
*Shoulder dislocations
- note that ANTERIOR should dislocations are the most common type of dislocation of the shoulder joint
- classic is throwing a football and getting tackled
- leads to axillary nerve damage
-
*Elbow Joint
- formed by Humerus ulnar bone
--> trochlea of ulnar bone
*Wrist joint = radiocarpal joint
*Hand Neuromuscular
-
-
*Hand Bones
-
*Carpel Bones
-
- 1 more item...
*Carpel Tunnel Syndrome
- flexor retinaculum = trasnverse carpel ligament
- compresses the median nerve
- starts with numbness and tingling
- can lead to compression of the tendons of the hand too
--> then can cause thenar eminance weakness, atrophy, etc.
-
Forearm Muscles
*forearm - Extensors
- 12 total
- 6 superficial + 6 deep
6 superficial
"6 on the 2 carpi + knuckles"
6 deep
ASS = Brevis sandwich --> Extensor pollicis
- A = Anconius
- S = Supinator
- S = Snuff box
--> Snuff box = Brevis sandwich --> pollicis abductor + 2 pollicis Extensors
6 deep
ASS = Brevis sandwich --> Extensor pollicis
- A = Anconius
- S = Supinator
- S = Snuff box
--> Snuff box = Brevis sandwich --> pollicis abductor + 2 pollicis Extensors
6 superficial
"6 on the 2 carpi + knuckles"
6 deep
ASS = Brevis sandwich --> Extensor pollicis
- A = Anconius
- S = Supinator
- S = Snuff box
--> Snuff box = Brevis sandwich --> pollicis abductor + 2 pollicis Extensors
*forearm - Flexors
4 superficial
"PASS fail PASS fail"
- PASS = pronator teres
- fail = flexor carpi radialis
- PASS = palmaris longus*
- fail = flexor carpi ulnaris**
1 middle
- flexor digitorum suprficialis
3 deep
"Punching fist muscles --> curl fingers, curl thumb, pronate fist"
- curl fingers = flexor digitorum profundus**
- curl thumb = flexor pollicis longus
- pronate fist = quadratus muscle
Forearm Bones
*radial bone
*annular ligament tear of the Radial Head = Subluxation
- seen in children < 5 years old
--> the annular ligament is strong enough after that that it won;t tear
- child present with their hand held at their side
--> fully extended and forearm pronated
--> they are not in pain unless they move it
- also called Nurse maids elbow
-
-
*Forearm Flexors
- all innervated byt he musculocutaneous nerve
--> also continues on after these muscles to give lateral forearm sensation
*Musculocutaneous injury
- usually from baseball pitching
- all innervated byt he musculocutaneous nerve
--> also continues on after these muscles to give lateral forearm sensation
-
*Neck Neuromuscular Anatomy
*Head Neuromuscular Anatomy
*TMJ Joint Neuromuscular Anatomy
- 4 major muscles of the TMJ
*TMJ Muscles
- 4 major muscles of the TMJ
-
*TMJ Muscles Blood supply and innervation
- 4 major muscles of the TMJ
-
-
*Facial Muscles
- all facial muscle innervated by the facial nerve = CN 7
