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Assessment - the use of a variety of tools to evaluate academic readiness…
Assessment - the use of a variety of tools to evaluate academic readiness and progress of learning
Factors Influencing Classroom Assessments
21st-Century Knowledge, Skills and Dispositions - skills students need to be ready for college and/or careers
Technology - teaching skills and comfort with technology; using it to teach and assess content
Principles of Cognitive and Sociocultural Learning and Motivation - skills students need to become intrinsically motivated
Standards-Based Education - standardizes what content is taught and assessed
High-Stakes Testing - mandated testing with accountability requirements
Data Literacy - interpreting all types of classroom data and using it to determine what needs to be assessed
Relevant and Important Trends in Assessment
Alternative Assessments - includes performance assessments, portfolios, exhibitions, demonstrations, journal, technology-enhanced items, and active construction
Application is now used to assess thinking skills and collaborative skills.
Students are now being asked to do a self-evaluation on their own work. When students engage in the criteria of the assessment, they become more motivated.
Reliability and Validity
Validity - determining if the inferences and uses of the data from assessments are appropriate
In a classroom, the judgement of the validity of an assessment is often made by the teacher.
Teachers can enhance their professional judgement of validity in a variety of ways.
For example:
-ask others to judge what you are assessing
-use different ways to assess the same concept and compare the results
Reliability - to assess if the scores are free from errors
Check for consistency in data to determine reliability.
Errors in reliability can be internal or external.
Internal Errors: Health, Mood, Motivation
External Errors - Directions, Luck, Interruptions, Lighting
Components of Classroom Assessments
Purpose - develop a clear vision as to what the assessment will accomplish
Measurement - what technique will be used to measure the defined trait or learning target.
Techniques include: test, ratings, observations, and interviews
Interpretation - evaluate the information that was gathered during measurement; determination which results are proficient
Use - after evaluating the data, determine how the data will be used; diagnosis, grading, and instruction
Types of Assessments
Preassessment - this occurs prior to instruction to determine students' prior knowledge of a subject/topic and their attitudes toward that subject/topic
Embedded Formative Assessment - this occurs during instruction to determine students' progress; helps the teacher make decisions about their instructional activities
Summative Assessment - this occurs after instruction to document what students understand