Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chapter 3: Cell Structure (Organelles (Protoplasm (Also called protoplast,…
Chapter 3: Cell Structure
Organelles
Protoplasm
Also called protoplast
Usually spherical in shape
Mass of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and water within the cell
Nucleus
Uses Messenger RNA
Composed of a nuclear envelope, outer membrane, inner membrane, nuclear pores, and nucleplasm
Acts like a storage place, for the organisms genetic information
Mitochondria
Composed of an outer and inner membrane and surrounded by a matrix
Carries out cell respiration
Takes in nutrients and breaks them down to produce energy
Ribosomes
Responsible for protein synthesis
Immersed in protoplasm
Forms clusters called a polysome
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough and smooth ER
System of narrow tubes and sheets of membrane
Folds and synthesizes protein molecules
Dictyosomes
Process and bundle macromolecules like proteins
Stack of thin vesicles held together in a flat or curved array
Forms cup-shaped structure - Golgi body/Golgi apparatus
Cytosol
Composed of water, enzymes, and numerous chemical precursors
Microtubules and microfilaments
Also called hyaloplasm
Transports metabolites to the sites they will be used
Composition of Membranes
Types of Membranes
#
Impermeable membrane
Does not let anything through at all
Freely permeable membrane
Allows everything to pass through quickly
Proteins
Extrinsic Proteins
#
Loosely attached to ionic bonds
Acts like a calcium bridge
Other Types of Membrane proteins
Lipid-soluble proteins
Transmembrane Channel Protein
Intrinsic Proteins
Gycoproteins
Short-chain oligosaccharides
Basic Cell Types
Eukaryotic
#
Found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists
Presence of a true membrane-bounded nucleus
More complex
Prokaryotic
#
More simplistic
Lacking a true-membrane-bounded nucleus
Found only in Domain-Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotic
