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Reproduction (*Infertility causes in Women PID = most common -->…

- - - - Endometriosis NOTES
        
        Treatment
        
        Secondary Surgical Treatment
        
        if Conservative treatment fails, move to laproscopic treatment
        
        laproscopy performed
        --> both diagnostic and treatment
        --> gives absolute diagnosis of endometriosis
        --> endometriosis implants can be excised
        
        Conservative Treatment
        
        NSAIDs to relieve abdominal and pelvic pain
        
        hormonal contraceptives used to lower the output and stimulation of the endometriosis implants
        
        Clinical presentation
        
        typically have shorter menstrual cycles (< 28 days), longer days of menstrual flow, younger age of menarche
        
        after menstrual cycles have been established, usually develop dysmenorrhea
        
        severe pelvic pain
        
        endometriosis can cause infertility
  - - - Clinical Cases
        
        Clinical Case
        
        Clinical Case
        
        Notes:
        
        note that
- - - - Notes:
        
        note that intraductal papilloma is the most common cause of bloody discharge from the nipples in women, especially if there are no palpable masses and if it is unilateral
        
        note that nipple discharge can either by physiological or pathological
        --> whenever there is bloody discharge from the nipple, this is ALWAYS pathological
- - - - Notes:
        
        note that HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease and there are over 100 sub types
        
        most of these can be cleared by the host immune system
        
        there are roughly 4 subtypes to worry about
        --> 6 and 11 cause anogenital warts
        --> remember this as people who do 69 wrong --> do 6 11 and get HPV anogenital warts
        --> 16 and 18 can cause cancer
        
        note that HPV 6 and 11 like to infect stratified squamous epithelial cells that are on the vagina, penis, anus and cervix
        
        interestlingly the true vocal cords are the only tissure in the larynx that have stratified epithelial tissue
        --> this is because the true vocal cords undergo a lot of friction so the stratified squamous cell layers can replace the layers after friction of the TRUE vocal cords
        
        the TRUE vocal cords are how pregnant mothers with anogenital warts HPV 6 / 11 pass it on to their children
        
        it is trasnfered to the infants true vocal cords
        --> they then present with hoarseness of the voice, weak cries, and even stridor due to warts on the true vocal cords
        
        treatment = ?
      - Clinical Case
- - - - Notes:
        
        note that oocyte primary and secondary and meiosis is all happenning to the oocytes
        
        these are within the follicles that contain the oocytes and feed them
        
        thus the FSH growth of follicle and LH surge are happenning continuously each month while the oocytes are arrested in Meiosis prophase 1 = puberty state
      - Clinical Case