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Process Types & layout Chocie (This also happens in manufacturing…
Process Types & layout Chocie
This expands on the transformation model
Process types
Mid vol mid variety (Service Shops)
Banks, holiday tour operators
High Vol, low variety (Mass service)
Supermarket, airports, telecoms
Process types range from: Low vol high variety. (professional services)
Management consultant, doctors ect
This also happens in manufacturing
Project High variety, low Volume (Building X block)
Jobbing: High var, Low Vol ( photographers, tailors.
Batch: Mid vol, mid var ( machinery)
Mass: High Vol, Low variety (, TVs, plastic bottles
Continuous: High vol, low variety (National Grid, Oil refineries)
Layouts
Fixed position)
High Var, Low Vol
Motorway/stadium/building construction, patients in open-heart surgery, customers in a high class restaurant, shipbuilding, maintenance of plant machinery, building renovation
Process ( functional layout)
High mid Var, Mid vol
Hospitals, machining parts for aircraft engines, supermarkets, libraries, Felixstowe Court refectory, CRIBS, The Galleries / Cribbs Causeway
Cell layout
Low var, high vol
Product layout
mid lo var, mid high vol
Automobile assembly, mass-immunisation programme, self-service cafeteria
Advantages and disadvantages:
Advantages
Process Functional
High product & mix flexibility
Relatively robust in the case of disruptions
Easy to supervise
Low utilization
Can have very high WIP
Complex flow
Fixed Layout
Very high product and mix flexibility
Product/customer not moved
High variety of tasks for staff
Very high unit costs.
Scheduling space and activities can be difficult
Cell Layout
Can be good compromise
Fast throughput
Group work can result in good motivation
Can be costly to rearrange existing layout
Can need more plant.
Product Layout
Low unit costs for high volume
Opportunities for specialisation of equipment
Can have low mix flexibility
Not very robust to disruption
Work can be very repetitive