05 Electricity ⚡ and Magnetism 🌎

Questions

Nov 15 Q9 P1

Magnetic Fields

Nov 16

Q8 (ohmic curve)

Q9 (Magnetic Fields)

Nov 17

Q2c, e

Q4 (Restivity)

Q8 (Electric Field)

Nov 18

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Electric Field

Point charge

F: electric force experienced by the charge
q2: charge of the test charge

\(E=\frac{F}{q_2}\)

Unit \(NC^{-1}\)

Field lines

direction of field lines represent direction of force exerted on a small positive test charge

Never cross

proximity of field lines represent magnitude of electric field

Coulomb's Law

\(F=k\frac{q_1q_2}{r^2}\)

\(k\): a constant in formula booklet
\(r\): distance between point charges

\(E=k\frac{q_1}{r^2}\)

From Coulomb's Law

Conductor 🔌

\(I=\frac{\Delta q}{\Delta t}\)

Expressing \(\Delta q\) as the total electrons that reach A within \(\Delta t\)

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\(I=nvAq\)

\(n\): number of electrons per unit volume
\(v\): drift speed
\(A\): cross sectional area of wire

Electric Potential Energy

electronvolt

work done when an electron accelerates through a potential difference of one volt

Electric Potential

\(V=\frac{W}{q}\)

Electric Circuits

Ohm's Law

Current across a conductor is directly proportional to potential difference across it provided temperature is constant

Magnetic Flux Density \(B\)

Magnitude of Magnetic Field

Unit: \(Tesla\)

Produces a force of 1N on a charge of 1C moving at 1m/s at right angles to the field

Magnetic Force

On a moving charge

\(F=Bqv\sin\theta\)

Current-Carrying Conductor

\(F=BIL\sin\theta\)

Left hand rule: FMV

Can result in circular motion if velocity perpendicular to magnetic field

Ampere

when force on two wires 1m apart carrying equal current is \(2\times10^{-7}\)N

Charge moving in
circular path

\(Bqv\sin\theta=\frac{mv^2}{r}\)

To find radius
\(r=\frac{mv}{Bq}\)

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NO magnetic force if motion of charge is parallel to magnetic field

LH rule

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\(\sin\theta=0\)

Magnetic force if motion of
charge not parallel to
magnetic field

\(\sin\theta>0\)

Since \(\sin 90º=1\)

\(\sin\theta\) refers to angle
between current and magnetic field

Left hand rule: FBI