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BACK PAIN NEUROMUSCULOSKELETAL & SYSTEMS AETIOLOGY (Arthralgia Joints,…
BACK PAIN NEUROMUSCULOSKELETAL & SYSTEMS AETIOLOGY
Nervous Tissues
Herpes Zoster
Discs
Spondylosis; Scheuermann's (schmorl's nodes); Herniation
Ligaments
Sprain (SIJ ligs)
Facet Joints
Fractures; Scheuermann's (irregular endplates); Osteoarthritis, RhA; Capsule Sprain
Fascia
Inflammation of fascial attachments
Ribs
Tietze’s Syndrome (swelling cartilage)
Muscles
Strain, Sprain, Spasm, Myositis
Vertebral Bodies
Fractures (including pathological); Tumours (primary, metastases); Ankylosing Spondylitis; Osteoarthritis, RhA; Osteomyelitis
Spinal Cord
Tumour, Spinal Abscess, Spinal Stenosis at spinal canal
Others
Coccydinia
Sacroilitis
Digestive / GIT
change in appetite & weight
Oesophagus
Oesophagitis, Hiatus Hernia, Tumours
Stomach Duodenum
Peptic Ulcer, Tumour
Pancreas
Pancreatitis, Carcinoma
Gall Bladder
Intestinal
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Colon
Constipation, Faecal Impaction
Respiratory
Pneumonia, Pleurisy, Emphysema, Pneumothorax, Pulmonary Embolism / Infarction
Cardiovascular
Dissecting Aortic Aneurysm, Ischaemic Heart Dx, Massive Pulmonary Embolism
Urinary
Pyelonephritis; Tumours; Renal (flank pain)/ Ureteric Calculi, Renal Neoplasms, Pyelonephritis; Urinary Tract Infections
Others
Invasive Breast Cancer, Mediastinal Tumours, Cushing's Syndrome, Skin Disorders
Reproductive
Endometriosis, Adenomyosis, Uterine Fibroids, Uterine Prolapse, Dysmenorrhoea, Pelvic Inflammatory Dx, Malignancies (Prostate, Uterine, Ovarian), Salpingitis, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Ovarian Cyst
Unilateral LBP, RLQ abdominal pain, +ve Valsalva, pain peak during middle of menstrual cycle, irregular menstrual cycle, delayed period with spotting, dyspareunia, cannot fall pregnant, bloating in lower abdomen, sense of pressure when urinate / pass bowel
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
hirsutism, acne, obesity
Ectopic Pregnancy
amenorrhea, vaginal bleeding, irregular menstrual cycle
Referral to Lower Limb
Vertebral Column pathologies
From Nerve Tissues
Peripheral Neuropathies, Nerve Entrapment, Spinal Stenosis, Nerve Root Irritation (sciatica, cauda equina syndrome)
Pelvic / Low Abdominal Pathologies
Appendicitis, Diverticulitis, Ectopic Pregnancy, Dysmenorrhoea, Salpingitis
Vascular
Atherosclerosis, Vaso-spastic (Raynaud's), Inflammatory Arterial (Buerger's), Deep Vein Thrombosis of arteries and embolism, Venous Congestion, Restriction of blood flow to hip & knee from MSK conditions
Arthralgia
Joints
Arthritides
degenerative, inflammatory, metabolic, connective tissue disorder (systemic lupus erythematosus)
Trauma
acute, chronic, overuse
Congenital
Osteochondroses
Neoplasia
Ischaemia
Metabolic
Infection
Septic Arthritis, Osteomyelitis
Systemic
Viral
Influenza, Rubella, Hepatitis, Mumps, Cytomegalovirus, Ross River Fever, Dengue Fever, HIV
Others
Tuberculosis, Syphillis, Gonorrhoea, Crucellosis, Lyme Dx, Malaria
Neoplastic