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Photosynthesis (Parts of Photosynthesis (Electron Carriers (Nicotinaminde,…

- - - - Form of nicotinic acid
    - - carries high energy phosphate bond :
    - - Carries carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen :
  - - - Plastoquinones
        
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        Plastocyanin
        
        Copper ion
        
        +1 and +2 oxidation state
        
        Chloroplast membrane
        
        Cytochromes
        
        +2 and +3 oxidation state
        
        Iron carries electron
        
        Part of the thylakoid membrane
- - - - Electromagnetic radiation spectrum
        
        Visible Light
        
        What humans cannot see
        
        Invisible Light
        
        What humans can see
        
        Different Color Wavelengths
        
        Red
        
        Orange
        
        Yellow
        
        Green
        
        Blue
        
        Indigo
        
        Violet
        
        Color Spectrum
        
        Gamma Rays
        
        Invisible light
        
        Shortest electromagnetic wavelength
        
        Ex) Electron–positron annihilation
        
        X-Rays
        
        Normal electromagnetic wavelength
        
        Invisible light
        
        Ex) Hospital/medical x-ray
        
        Ultraviolet Rays
        
        Ex) Light bulb and crackling fire
        
        Inivisible light
        
        Infrared Light
        
        Normal electromagnetic wavelength
        
        Ex) Burning charcoal and heat from an electric heater
        
        Radio Waves
        
        Invisible light
        
        longest electromagnetic wavelength
        
        Ex) Cellphones and Wifi
    - - Melanin
        
        Ex) Human skin
        
        absorbs all colors except red
        
        Ex) Red Apples
        
        Clorophylls
        
        Ex) Chlorophyll a and b
        
        Carotenoids
        
        Ex) Carotenes and xanthophylls (e.g. astaxanthin)
        
        Betalains
        
        Ex) Betacyanins and betaxanthins
- - - - Produces their own energy
      - Ex) Chlorophyllous leaves and stems
      - Is consumed by heterotrophs
    - - Consumes plants or organisms with energy
      - Ex) Roots, wood, and flowers