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HORMONE (Dormancy and seed germination (dormancy (methods breaking seed…
HORMONE
Dormancy and seed germination
seed structure
structure of the mature seed
embryo
endosperm
seed wall
structure of food storage in seed
embryo
periperm from nucleus
endosperm (maize)
chemical composition
lipid
fatty acids
starch
phospholipids
cholesterol
protein
dormancy
types
true (internal factors)
impermeability seed coats to moisture & O2
immaturity embryo
dominance germinating inhibitors
testa barrier
imposed (external factors)
thermodormancy
photodormancy
skotodormancy
factors
dormancy due to embryo
dormancy due to dominance of germination inhibitors
dormancy due to seed coat
dormancy due to temperature requirement
dormancy due to specific light requirement
mechanisms
temperature & gases exchange theory
metabolic control theory
hormonal control theory
methods breaking seed dormancy
impaction
stratification
scarification
removal of inhibitors
treatment with grow hormones
specific light requirement
pressures
seed development
embryo development
endosperm development
seed germination
seed viability
germination
epigeal
viviparous
hypogeal
physiology seed germination
restoration of enzymatic activity
protein synthesis
hydration of protoplasm
hydrolysis of food reserve
protein
carbohydrate
fat
imbibitation
respiration enhancement
hormonal changes
requirement for germination
gases
temperature
water
light
Plant structure, growth, and development
light & plant development
photoreceptors
cryptochromes
senescence
top senescence
deciduous senescence
overall senescence
progressive senescence
factors affect senescence
nutrients
water stress
light
temperature
hormonal
abscission
factors affect abscission
soil water status
mineral stress
light
oxygen content
air pollutant
role hormones in abscission
abscisic acid & ethylene (accelerate)
exogenous auxin & cytokinin (delay)
auxin & cytokinin (retard)
exogenous ethylene (leaves)
phototropin
phytochromes
action
mechanisms
gene concept theory
membrane permeability theory
distribution
structure
cofactor
apoprotein
phytochrome mediated responses (slow/fast)
growth of plants
flowering
seedling growth
seismonastic movement
leaf movement
root tip adhesion
seed germination
flavonoid biosynthesis
physiological & biochemical responses
photomorphogenesis
growth and development
growth
course growth
lag phase
log phase
steady phase
analysis growth rate
meristem (center growth)
shoot apical
root apical
primary growth
secondary growth
factors affect growth
internal
nutritional
hormonal
genetic
external
climatic
edaphic
biological factors
phase growth
growth measurement
differentiation
development