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Why did the relations worship with Spain and why did war break out…
Why did the relations worship with Spain and why did war break out
Political
Made it difficult for Phillip to control Holland
English stole ships containing silver
England began to help the Dutch rebels
Made it harder for Phillip to fund his wars
Needed to gain territory or land
Phillip wanted to seek revenge
Phillip II wanted to increase his power in Europe
Less important
Elizabeth was actually very cautious when dealing with Phillip
She recognised Spain were much more stronger
Spain did very little to support these plots
Phillip was very cautious when dealing with Elizabeth
Important
Parliament & Privy Council to Elizabeth to make a move against Spain
Many people thought that a war with Spain was inevitable
Phillip indirectly supported the plots
Religion
Religious settlement turned England into a protestant country
Persecution of Catholics in 1570s was annoying for Phillip and other Catholics
Elizabeth wanted to make England in a protestant country
Phillips was a devout christian
Not important
Both motivated by other convictions
More worried about political situation in the Netherlands
Factor existed a long time before war broke out
Important
Differences could not be resolved peacefully
Spain would always want to promote Catholicism across
They both had different views on religion
Involvements in Netherlands
Death of Duke of Alencon in June 1584 meant she could no longer hire soldiers
William of Orange died in July 1584 which weakened the Dutch rebels
Elizabeth threatened to marry Duke of Alencon which would united France and England
Treaty of Joinville was an agreement between Spain and French Catholics meant that French soldiers were now agreeing to fight against Dutch rebels
Hired a mercenary army in 1578 to support the Dutch
Elizabeth lent £100k to the rebels in 1576
Elizabeth had to help because they were killing protestants
Important
Impossible for Dutch rebels to beat Spain without Englands help
Elizabeth was forced to take direct action
1584 is regarded as a turning point
Spain was nearly bankrupt after fighting this war
This was why war broke out
1556, Dutch rebels started war with Spain
Not important
England prepared to accept Catholic victory to avoid war
Conflict is avoidable
Commercial factors
Philip II regarded Drake as a pirate
Elizabeth encouraged privateers like Sir Francis Drake to attack Spanish ports and shipping
Elizabeth regarded him as a hero
English ships also played a key role in starting the transatlantic slave trade
Because of Spanish restrictions, made it difficult to trade
England wanted to get involved in trade but Spain refused to license this
Men like John Hawkins made a lot of money like this
Elizabeth said to ignore the Spanish rules
Not important
This factor existed for a long time before war broke out in 1585.
It was hard to prove that the other side was definitely responsible
Actions were never public and direct attacks on the other side
Important
Spanish activity in the Netherlands directly and heavily damaged the English economy
Although these were not direct attacks on Spain by the English government, it was a clear attack on Spanish interests by English ships
Drake attacked a Spanish treasure fleet at Nombre de Dios in 1573, stealing over £30 million of silver
Elizabeth indirectly supported lots of highly damaging attacks on Spanish shipping