MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE

CO X SVR

CO = Cadiac output

SVR = Systemic vascular resistance

CO

SV X HR

SV = Stroke volume

HR = Heart rate

SVR

Volume of blood pumped per minute

Influenced by

Vasoconstriction/vasodilation

Blood vessel compliance/elasticity

Blood viscosity

Blood volume

SV

Afterload

Contractility

Preload

End diastolic volume that stretches the right or left ventricle of the heart to its greatest dimensions under variable physiologic demand.

The pressure against which the heart must work to eject blood during systole.

Inotropy

The force or energy of muscular contractions

Chronotropy

Rate of contractions

Resistance to blood flow offered by all of the systemic vasculature, excluding the pulmonary vasculature.

HR

PNS activity

Intrinsic rate

Vagal tone decreases HR

Natural rate of discharge of cardiac tissues in absence of other factors

SNS activity

Increases firing of SA node

Pharmacologic

Positive chronotropes increase HR