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Kingdoms of Life (Bacteria (Bacteria execrete waste through their…
Kingdoms of Life
Bacteria
Bacteria execrete waste through their cytoplasm and cell membane. Carbon Dioxide is a major waste product.
Receptors form a lattice over the membrane of a bacterium, which allows it to detect stimuli with extreme sensitivity.
Bacteria reproduce asexually. The parent Bacterium grows until it reaches a certain size, then splits in half to form two Bacteria.
Most bacteria feed on deceased organisms, but a small number can create their own food.
All Bacteria are single-cellular organisms. Instead of having organs, like multi-cellular organisms, organelles carry out their bodily functions.
Some bacteria uniquely are able to obtain oxygen from oxidizing metals. This allowed them to breathe when they have no oxygen avaliable.
Bacteria grow via mitosis, the splitting of cells. Eventually, a single Bacterium can split until an entire colony, large enough to see unaided, is present.
Bacteria is a combination of two kingdoms. Sometimes it is described as one, and sometimes they are described as two: Bacteria and Archea (older bacteria)
Plantae
Plants get energy from photosynthesis. During this process, their chloroplasts absorb sunlight and convert it into energy.
Unlike animals, plants inhale CO2 (carbon dioxide) and exhale O2 (oxygen). This is why plants are so important to moderating the atmosphere.
Plants are multi-cellular. This means that just one of their cells could not be a living organism. Examples of plants include elodea, tree, flowers etc.
On average, a tree canprovide enough wood to make 170,100 pencils!
Plants reproduce asexually, with only a single parent involved.
Plants, like everything else, grow through mitosis. A seed produced by a parent plant sprouts into a full plant.
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Plants respond to their environment. Despite being mostly immobile, they will grow towards sun or water if they can detect it.
Animalia
Surprisingly, Humans are a species of Animal!
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They grow with a process called mitosis in which the cells split, which causes it to grow.
Animals eliminate waste in three ways. One is peeing, another is pooping, and third is breathing out CO2.
Animalia respond to environment by shedding skin, growing more fur or getting rid of some fur as the temperature fluctuates.
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Animals are all multi cell organisms; there are no Animalia that are single celled. Examples of Animals include many things. Cats, Giraffes, Whales, Salamanders, Mosquitos, and millions of other species are all animals.
Animals uniquely have no options to get energy except to eat other organisms; they cant just sit in the sun like plants can.
Fungi
Fungi get their energy by breaking down deceased organisms. These mostly include once-living Plants and Animals.
Fungi respond to their environment. They can identify when the surrounding conditions are optimal for growth, such as when they are dark and wet.
Fungi produce spores that later split to grow more Fungi This is an example of aesecual reproduction.
Fungi are made of of tiny strands called hyphae. These hyphae grow and twine to enlarge the size of the fungus.
Fungi breathe air, just like humans do. Despite the majority of their mass being located underground, they can still inhale through small pockets of air in the soil.
All fungi are multicellular. Examples of fungi include yeasts, molds, and common mushrooms.
Like Animals, Fungi inhale oxygen and exhale CO2. The release of CO2 is how yeast makes bread rise.
Many varieties of mushrooms (a type of Fungus) are poisonous to humans. On the other hand, yeast (another Fungus) makes bread rise for us.
Protista
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Protists eliminate waste in many ways, but it usually involves flushing it out through their cell membrane.
Protists reproduce in multiple ways. Plant-like protists reproduce asexually, but animal-like protists reproduce sexually.
Currently, Protista is used as a kind of "dump" kingdom, holding anything single-cellular that doesn't fit elsewhere.
Many protists get their energy from the sun, similar to plants, whereas others consume other organisms, similar to animals.
Protists grow by mitosis. They consume plants, animals, and fungi.
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Fungi
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Live primarily in dark, wet places
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