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CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS (FACTORS LEADING TO RESOLUTION (Public & Int.…

- - - - [political gains]
        
        demand for concessions for west berlin
        
        increase prestige in communist bloc
      - [military gains]
        
        greater no. of missiles that cld reach US
        
        counter jupiter missiles threat
      - [Strategic gains]
        
        secure base geographically close to US
  - - - demanded that USSR remove all nuclear missiles from Cuba
        
        imposed blockade, naval ships wld check vessels bound for cuba for offensive weapons
        
        24 Oct
        blockade went into effect
        
        Soviet saw this as an act of war. On high alert, no authorise nuclear weapons, cld be used in case of hostilities
- - - - Krushchev made deal to remove missiles for no invasion of cuba
        
        Krushchev made deal to remove Jupiter missiles for removal of Cuban missiles
        
        Deal was kept secret in exchange for promise of no invasion into Cuba
  - - - Danger of split in NATO
- - - - partial betrayal by USSR, resolution made exclusively by Kennedy & Khrushchev
        
        USSR promised to aid Cuba if it was attacked
        
        US promised not to attack Cuba
        
        remained communist in America's backyard
  - - - Moscow-Washington hotline (1963)
        
        btwn kremlin and white house for leaders to contact each other in emergency
      - Nuclear test ban treaty
        
        US, USSR, Britain
        
        limited nuclear tests to underground
        
        thaw in superpower relations and beginning of peaceful co-existence, tried to solve problems w/o nuclear weapons
    - - managed to maintain peace and did not fire weapons
        
        objective, responsible peacemaker
    - - Britain saw US objection of Cuban missiles as unreasonable due to Jupiter missiles
      - NATO allies did not approve of removal of jupiter missiles & were not consulted about it
  - - - embarrassment for USSR
        
        removal of Jupiter missiles secret, seem as tho they were retreating frm situation they created
        
        Khruschchev criticised for concessions & causing the crisis
        
        USSR's desire to achieve nuclear parity
        
        successors determined to achieve nuclear parity so no face humilitation
    - - tense Soviet-Chinese relations
        
        accused USSr of being weak claimed to be true leader of movement
        
        Division into 2 grps
        
        weakened unity & solidarity