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B5 Revision:Antibiotics and Antiseptics (Antibiotics: (Viruses: (Viruses…
B5 Revision:Antibiotics and Antiseptics
Antibiotics:
Drugs used to treat bacterial infections by inhibiting (preventing) processes in bacterial cells
Penicillin inhibits the building of bacterial cell walls stopping bacteria cells from dividing, killing them
Doxycycline treats chlamydia by interrupting synthesis of proteins inside the bacteria needed for it to survive
Doctors need to make sure the antibiotic is prescribed correctly
Viruses:
Viruses can only reproduce in hosts cells using host's machinery which antibiotics don't affect
Antibiotics can't control viruses as they aren't cells so don't contain a cell wall or any machinery needed for growth and reproduction.
Hard to develop drugs to kill the virus without it killing the body's cells
Kills bacteria on the inside of the body and
antiseptics
kill bacteria on the outside of your body
Microorganisms:
Bacteria are grown in a growth medium which contains the carbs, minerals, proteins and vitamins needed to grow
Growth medium could be a nutrient broth solution or solid agar jelly
Bacteria grown on agar plates will form visible colonies on the surface of the jelly, or will spread out to give an even covering of bacteria
In a school lab
, cultures of microorganisms not kept above 25 degrees as harmful pathogens are more likely to grow above 25
In industrial conditions
, culture are incubated at higher temperatures to provide optimum conditions for growth
Microorganisms on an agar plate:
Hot agar jelly poured into a petri dish.
Sterile inoculating loops (
wire loops
) used to transfer microorganisms or a
sterile pipette and spreader
can be used to get an even covering of bacteria.
Microorganisms multiply