q. 8 Grounded Theory
a) What lies in the indication of the direction that the development of theory needs to be "grounded"?
b) Indicate some disagreement within GT
c) Give a presentation of the knowledge development in a research characterized by GT
- Contextualized theory of social processes emerges from data, that is truly grounded in data
- Researcher tries not to Influence the process
Grounded/Top-down
Grounded:
- bottom-up, rooted in, shaped by, tailored to data
Top-down:
- imposition of pre-existing theory and units of meaning upon the data
- against hypotheses-testing of pre-existing theory to new data
- The role of Induction
- Discovery vs Construction
- Focus on Social processes vs Individual Exp.
Originally:
ideally Fully Inductive
recent:
- intro. of step-by-step guidelines
Prescribe a priori cat. of Meaning/Patterns
to give > attention to
Originally:
theory Discovered from data;
'emerging': pre-existing, "out there"
- played down the Influence of the Res.er
- Positivistic Ep. not Compatible w 'big q'
Another version:
- Social Constructionist
theory not simply emerge,
But: Constructed by the Res.er through Interaction w Data
Originally:
- theorize Social Processes within particular Contexts
Full-Version w
Cyclical Interpretative Inquiry
recently:
- GT inspired coding as Meth. data Analysis only
Abbreviated version
used > for:
- individual Understanding and Exp.
Knowledge is produced Theory:
- identification of Cat. of Meaning
- their Connection and Relationship
- Identification of Categories
- Coding
- Constant Comparative Analysis
- Negative Case analysis
- Theoretical Sensitivity
- Theoretical Sampling
- Theoretical Saturation
- Memo-writing
- Descriptive Labels
- Higher-order, > analytical Categories
- Higher-order, >> Analytical Categories
ideally in vivo
- refine, find Subcategories, nuance
- based on Similarities and Diff.s
- look for Exceptions and Negative cases
- Collect further data and Check emerging Theory vs Reality
- goals: Refinement and Saturation
- more a Goal than a reality
- goal: set of Cat. of Meaning that fully capture all the Data
- move from Description to Analysis
- Actively ask qq.s to Data & evt. gather New data
- traces various Decisions, Change of Directions, and Justification
- provides important info bt the Research Process and the Findings