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Rates and Equilibrium (Rate of Reaction (You can find ou the rate of a…
Rates and Equilibrium
Rate of Reaction
You can find ou the rate of a chemical reaction by monitoring the amount of reactant used up over time.
Alternatively you can find out the rate of reaction by measureing the amount of roducts made over time.
THe gradient of the line at any given time on the graph drawn from such an experiment tells you the rate of reaction at that time. The steeper the gradient the faster the reaction.
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The Effect of Catalysts
A catalyst speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction, but it is not used itself during the reaction. It remains chemically unchanged.
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Catalysts are used whenver possible in industry to increase the rates of reaction and reduce energy costs.
Dynamic Equilibrium
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In a closed system, the rate of the forward and reverse reactions in the queal at the equilibrium
Changing the reactions conditions can change the amounts of products and reactants in a reaction mixture at equilibrium
Altering Conditions
Pressure can afect reversible reactions involving gases at equilibrium. Increasing the pressure favours the reaction that forms fewer molecules of gas. Decreasing the pressure favours the reactions taht forms the greater number of molecules of gas.
You can change the realtive amount of products formed at equilibrium by changing the temperature at which you carry out a reversible reaction.
Increasing the temperature favours the endothermic reaction. Decreasing the temperature favours the exothermic reaction.
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